Cannabis use disorder

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Cannabis use disorder
File:Reduced blood flow in cannabis users.jpg
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Craving, withdrawal symptoms, tolerance, social impairment
Complications	Cognitive impairment, respiratory issues, mental health disorders
Onset	Typically during adolescence or early adulthood
Duration	Can be chronic or episodic
Types	Mild, moderate, severe
Causes	Cannabis use
Risks	Genetic predisposition, environmental factors, early use
Diagnosis	Based on DSM-5 criteria
Differential diagnosis	Other substance use disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder
Prevention	Education, early intervention
Treatment	Cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational enhancement therapy, support groups
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Varies; better with treatment
Frequency	Affects approximately 9% of users
Deaths	Rare, but possible due to accidents or comorbid conditions

A medical condition characterized by problematic cannabis use

Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is a medical condition characterized by the problematic use of cannabis that leads to significant impairment or distress. It is classified as a substance use disorder in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and is associated with a range of physical, psychological, and social issues.

Signs and Symptoms

Individuals with cannabis use disorder may exhibit a variety of symptoms, including:

• Craving or a strong desire to use cannabis.
• Unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control cannabis use.
• Spending a great deal of time obtaining, using, or recovering from the effects of cannabis.
• Failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home due to cannabis use.
• Continued cannabis use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of cannabis.
• Giving up or reducing important social, occupational, or recreational activities because of cannabis use.
• Using cannabis in situations where it is physically hazardous.
• Developing tolerance, which is the need for markedly increased amounts of cannabis to achieve intoxication or desired effect.
• Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when not using cannabis.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of cannabis use disorder is based on the criteria outlined in the DSM-5. A diagnosis is made when an individual meets at least two of the criteria within a 12-month period. The severity of the disorder is classified as mild, moderate, or severe, depending on the number of criteria met.

Effects on Health

Cannabis use disorder can have various effects on health, including:

• File:Reduced blood flow in cannabis users.jpg

  Reduced blood flow in cannabis users

• Impaired cognitive function, including memory, attention, and learning.
• Increased risk of mental health disorders, such as anxiety and depression.
• Respiratory issues due to smoking cannabis.
• Potential for addiction and withdrawal symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for cannabis use disorder may involve a combination of behavioral therapies and medications. Common approaches include:

• Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to help individuals recognize and change problematic behaviors.
• Motivational enhancement therapy to increase motivation to change cannabis use.
• Contingency management to provide incentives for abstinence.
• Support groups and peer support programs.

Epidemiology

Cannabis use disorder is one of the most common substance use disorders worldwide. The prevalence varies by region and population, with higher rates observed in areas where cannabis is more readily available and socially accepted.

Also see

• Cannabis (drug)
• Substance use disorder
• Addiction
• Mental health
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy