Transversospinales

Group of muscles in the human back

The transversospinales are a group of muscles located in the human back. These muscles are part of the intrinsic muscles of the back and play a crucial role in the movement and stabilization of the vertebral column. The transversospinales group includes the semispinalis, multifidus, and rotatores muscles.

Anatomy

The transversospinales muscles are situated deep to the erector spinae muscles and are characterized by their oblique orientation. They extend from the transverse processes of the vertebrae to the spinous processes of more superior vertebrae.

Semispinalis

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Diagram of the semispinalis muscles.

The semispinalis is the most superficial of the transversospinales muscles. It is divided into three parts: the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, and semispinalis thoracis. These muscles are responsible for extending the head and neck and rotating them to the opposite side.

Multifidus

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Diagram of the multifidus muscles.

The multifidus is a series of small, triangular muscles that fill the groove on either side of the spinous processes of the vertebrae, from the sacrum to the axis. The multifidus is most developed in the lumbar region and plays a significant role in stabilizing the vertebrae during movement.

Rotatores

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Diagram of the rotatores muscles.

The rotatores are the deepest of the transversospinales muscles. They are small and are best developed in the thoracic region. The rotatores assist in the rotation of the vertebral column and also have a proprioceptive function, providing feedback on the position of the vertebrae.

Function

The primary function of the transversospinales muscles is to stabilize the vertebral column. They also assist in the extension, lateral flexion, and rotation of the spine. These muscles are essential for maintaining posture and allowing for complex movements of the back.

Clinical significance

Injury or dysfunction of the transversospinales muscles can lead to back pain and impaired movement. Conditions such as spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis can affect these muscles, leading to muscle spasms and reduced mobility.

Related pages

• Erector spinae
• Vertebral column
• Back pain
• Muscle