Oral cavity carcinoma

Cancer of the lining of the lips, mouth, or upper throat

Oral cancer
Synonyms	Cancer of the lip, oral cavity and pharynx, mouth cancer, cancer or the lips, oral cavity and pharynx<ref name=Loz2012>, Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010, Lancet, Vol. 380(Issue: 9859), pp. 2095–128, DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0, PMID: 23245604, Full text,</ref>
Pronounce
Field	Oncology, ENT surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery
Symptoms	Persistent rough white or red patch in the mouth lasting longer than 2 weeks, ulceration, lumps/bumps in the neck, pain, loose teeth, difficulty swallowing
Complications
Onset
Duration
Types
Causes
Risks	Smoking, alcohol, HPV infection, sun exposure, chewing tobacco,
Diagnosis	Tissue biopsy
Differential diagnosis	Non-squamous cell carcinoma oral cancer, salivary gland tumors, benign mucosal disease
Prevention	Avoiding risk factors,<ref> Oral Cavity, Pharyngeal, and Laryngeal Cancer Prevention(link). National Cancer Institute. 1 January 1980. Accessed 5 June 2019. </ref> HPV vaccination<ref> HPV Vaccine May Prevent Oral HPV Infection(link). National Cancer Institute. 5 June 2017. Accessed 5 June 2019. </ref>
Treatment	Surgery, radiation, chemotherapy
Medication
Prognosis	Five-year survival ~ 65% (US 2015)<ref name=SEER2019/>
Frequency	355,000 new cases (2018)<ref name=IARC2019/>
Deaths	177,000 (2018)<ref name=IARC2019/>

A carcinoma arising in the oral cavity.

Types

Most oral cavity carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue, buccal mucosa, or gums. Less frequent morphologic variants include mucoepidermoid carcinoma and adenocarcinoma.

See lip and oral cavity carcinoma

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