Vaginal vault

Anatomical structure in the female pelvis

Vaginal vault

Diagram of the vaginal vault

The vaginal vault is the expanded region of the vagina that is located at the top of the vaginal canal, near the cervix and the uterus. It is an important anatomical structure in the female reproductive system, playing a crucial role in various physiological functions and medical procedures.

Anatomy

The vaginal vault is situated superiorly in the vaginal canal, forming a dome-like structure. It is bordered by the cervix at the top and the vaginal walls laterally. The vault is supported by the surrounding pelvic structures, including the pelvic floor muscles and the ligaments that stabilize the uterus and vagina.

Structure

The vaginal vault is composed of several layers of tissue, including the mucosal lining, muscular layer, and connective tissue. The mucosal lining is rich in glycogen, which is metabolized by lactobacilli to maintain an acidic environment, protecting against infections.

Function

The primary function of the vaginal vault is to accommodate the cervix and provide a passageway for menstrual flow, sexual intercourse, and childbirth. It also plays a role in supporting the pelvic organs and maintaining the integrity of the pelvic floor.

Clinical significance

The vaginal vault is a critical area in gynecological examinations and surgeries. It is often evaluated during a pelvic exam to assess the health of the reproductive organs. In surgical procedures such as a hysterectomy, the vaginal vault may be sutured to support the remaining pelvic structures.

Vaginal vault prolapse

Vaginal vault prolapse is a condition where the vaginal vault descends into the vaginal canal, often occurring after a hysterectomy. It can lead to symptoms such as pelvic pressure, urinary incontinence, and difficulty with bowel movements. Treatment options include pelvic floor exercises, pessaries, and surgical repair.

Related pages

• Vagina
• Cervix
• Uterus
• Pelvic floor
• Hysterectomy