Enterocolitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Enterocolitis | |||
| synonyms = | |||
| field = [[Gastroenterology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Diarrhea]], [[abdominal pain]], [[fever]], [[vomiting]] | |||
| complications = [[Dehydration]], [[sepsis]], [[toxic megacolon]] | |||
| onset = | |||
| duration = | |||
| types = [[Necrotizing enterocolitis]], [[pseudomembranous colitis]], [[infectious enterocolitis]] | |||
| causes = [[Bacterial infection]], [[viral infection]], [[parasitic infection]], [[inflammatory bowel disease]] | |||
| risks = [[Premature birth]], [[antibiotic use]], [[hospitalization]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Stool culture]], [[colonoscopy]], [[imaging studies]] | |||
| differential = [[Crohn's disease]], [[ulcerative colitis]], [[irritable bowel syndrome]] | |||
| prevention = [[Hand hygiene]], [[probiotics]], [[breastfeeding]] | |||
| treatment = [[Rehydration therapy]], [[antibiotics]], [[surgery]] | |||
| medication = [[Metronidazole]], [[vancomycin]], [[ciprofloxacin]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies depending on type and severity | |||
| frequency = Common in [[neonates]] and [[immunocompromised]] individuals | |||
}} | |||
'''Enterocolitis''' is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the digestive tract, specifically the [[small intestine]] (entero-) and the [[colon]] (colitis). This condition can be caused by various factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain medications. | '''Enterocolitis''' is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the digestive tract, specifically the [[small intestine]] (entero-) and the [[colon]] (colitis). This condition can be caused by various factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain medications. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Enterocolitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including: | Enterocolitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including: | ||
* [[Infections]]: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections can cause enterocolitis. Common infectious agents include [[Salmonella]], [[Shigella]], and [[Campylobacter]] bacteria, as well as [[rotavirus]] and [[norovirus]]. | * [[Infections]]: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections can cause enterocolitis. Common infectious agents include [[Salmonella]], [[Shigella]], and [[Campylobacter]] bacteria, as well as [[rotavirus]] and [[norovirus]]. | ||
* [[Autoimmune diseases]]: Conditions such as [[Crohn's disease]] and [[ulcerative colitis]] can cause inflammation of the digestive tract. | * [[Autoimmune diseases]]: Conditions such as [[Crohn's disease]] and [[ulcerative colitis]] can cause inflammation of the digestive tract. | ||
* [[Medications]]: Certain drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics, can cause enterocolitis. | * [[Medications]]: Certain drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics, can cause enterocolitis. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
Symptoms of enterocolitis can vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition, but may include: | Symptoms of enterocolitis can vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition, but may include: | ||
* [[Diarrhea]] | * [[Diarrhea]] | ||
* [[Abdominal pain]] | * [[Abdominal pain]] | ||
| Line 18: | Line 32: | ||
* [[Fever]] | * [[Fever]] | ||
* [[Weight loss]] | * [[Weight loss]] | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of enterocolitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Tests may include: | Diagnosis of enterocolitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Tests may include: | ||
* [[Blood tests]]: To check for signs of infection or inflammation. | * [[Blood tests]]: To check for signs of infection or inflammation. | ||
* [[Stool tests]]: To identify any infectious agents. | * [[Stool tests]]: To identify any infectious agents. | ||
* [[Endoscopy]]: To visually examine the inside of the digestive tract. | * [[Endoscopy]]: To visually examine the inside of the digestive tract. | ||
* [[Biopsy]]: To take a small sample of tissue for examination under a microscope. | * [[Biopsy]]: To take a small sample of tissue for examination under a microscope. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for enterocolitis depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Options may include: | Treatment for enterocolitis depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Options may include: | ||
* [[Antibiotics]]: If the condition is caused by a bacterial infection. | * [[Antibiotics]]: If the condition is caused by a bacterial infection. | ||
* [[Antiviral drugs]]: If the condition is caused by a viral infection. | * [[Antiviral drugs]]: If the condition is caused by a viral infection. | ||
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* [[Immunosuppressive drugs]]: If the condition is caused by an autoimmune disease. | * [[Immunosuppressive drugs]]: If the condition is caused by an autoimmune disease. | ||
* [[Fluid and electrolyte replacement]]: To prevent dehydration from diarrhea. | * [[Fluid and electrolyte replacement]]: To prevent dehydration from diarrhea. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Gastroenteritis]] | * [[Gastroenteritis]] | ||
* [[Inflammatory bowel disease]] | * [[Inflammatory bowel disease]] | ||
* [[Irritable bowel syndrome]] | * [[Irritable bowel syndrome]] | ||
[[Category:Digestive diseases]] | [[Category:Digestive diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammatory diseases]] | [[Category:Inflammatory diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Gastroenterology]] | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{dictionary-stub1}} | {{dictionary-stub1}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:56, 3 April 2025
| Enterocolitis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, vomiting |
| Complications | Dehydration, sepsis, toxic megacolon |
| Onset | |
| Duration | |
| Types | Necrotizing enterocolitis, pseudomembranous colitis, infectious enterocolitis |
| Causes | Bacterial infection, viral infection, parasitic infection, inflammatory bowel disease |
| Risks | Premature birth, antibiotic use, hospitalization |
| Diagnosis | Stool culture, colonoscopy, imaging studies |
| Differential diagnosis | Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome |
| Prevention | Hand hygiene, probiotics, breastfeeding |
| Treatment | Rehydration therapy, antibiotics, surgery |
| Medication | Metronidazole, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin |
| Prognosis | Varies depending on type and severity |
| Frequency | Common in neonates and immunocompromised individuals |
| Deaths | N/A |
Enterocolitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the digestive tract, specifically the small intestine (entero-) and the colon (colitis). This condition can be caused by various factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain medications.
Causes[edit]
Enterocolitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
- Infections: Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections can cause enterocolitis. Common infectious agents include Salmonella, Shigella, and Campylobacter bacteria, as well as rotavirus and norovirus.
- Autoimmune diseases: Conditions such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis can cause inflammation of the digestive tract.
- Medications: Certain drugs, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics, can cause enterocolitis.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of enterocolitis can vary depending on the cause and severity of the condition, but may include:
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of enterocolitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Tests may include:
- Blood tests: To check for signs of infection or inflammation.
- Stool tests: To identify any infectious agents.
- Endoscopy: To visually examine the inside of the digestive tract.
- Biopsy: To take a small sample of tissue for examination under a microscope.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for enterocolitis depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Options may include:
- Antibiotics: If the condition is caused by a bacterial infection.
- Antiviral drugs: If the condition is caused by a viral infection.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs: To reduce inflammation in the digestive tract.
- Immunosuppressive drugs: If the condition is caused by an autoimmune disease.
- Fluid and electrolyte replacement: To prevent dehydration from diarrhea.
