Trigeminal trophic syndrome: Difference between revisions
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[[File:Trigeminal_trophic_syndrome.jpg|Trigeminal trophic syndrome| | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Trigeminal trophic syndrome | |||
| image = [[File:Trigeminal_trophic_syndrome.jpg]] | |||
| caption = Trigeminal trophic syndrome affecting the nasal region | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Facial pain]], [[ulceration]] of the [[nasal ala]] | |||
| complications = [[Infection]], [[scarring]] | |||
| onset = Typically after [[trigeminal nerve]] injury | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = Damage to the [[trigeminal nerve]] | |||
| risks = [[Surgery]], [[trauma]], [[herpes zoster]] | |||
| diagnosis = Clinical evaluation, [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Lupus vulgaris]], [[basal cell carcinoma]], [[granulomatosis with polyangiitis]] | |||
| treatment = [[Topical antibiotics]], [[gabapentin]], [[amitriptyline]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, often chronic | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Trigeminal trophic syndrome''' (TTS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the triad of facial anesthesia, paresthesia, and the development of ulcerative lesions, typically on the nasal ala. This condition results from damage to the [[trigeminal nerve]], which is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing. | '''Trigeminal trophic syndrome''' (TTS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the triad of facial anesthesia, paresthesia, and the development of ulcerative lesions, typically on the nasal ala. This condition results from damage to the [[trigeminal nerve]], which is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing. | ||
==Etiology== | ==Etiology== | ||
The primary cause of TTS is damage to the [[trigeminal nerve]], often due to surgical procedures, trauma, or diseases such as [[herpes zoster]]. The damage leads to a loss of sensation in the affected area, which can result in self-inflicted injuries as patients may not feel pain and continue to scratch or rub the area, leading to ulceration. | The primary cause of TTS is damage to the [[trigeminal nerve]], often due to surgical procedures, trauma, or diseases such as [[herpes zoster]]. The damage leads to a loss of sensation in the affected area, which can result in self-inflicted injuries as patients may not feel pain and continue to scratch or rub the area, leading to ulceration. | ||
==Clinical Features== | ==Clinical Features== | ||
Patients with TTS typically present with: | Patients with TTS typically present with: | ||
| Line 10: | Line 25: | ||
* Paresthesia: Abnormal sensations such as tingling or burning. | * Paresthesia: Abnormal sensations such as tingling or burning. | ||
* Ulcerative lesions: Chronic, non-healing ulcers, most commonly on the nasal ala. | * Ulcerative lesions: Chronic, non-healing ulcers, most commonly on the nasal ala. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of TTS is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic triad of symptoms. A detailed patient history and physical examination are crucial. Imaging studies such as [[MRI]] or [[CT scan]] may be used to identify the underlying cause of trigeminal nerve damage. | Diagnosis of TTS is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic triad of symptoms. A detailed patient history and physical examination are crucial. Imaging studies such as [[MRI]] or [[CT scan]] may be used to identify the underlying cause of trigeminal nerve damage. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment of TTS focuses on managing symptoms and preventing further self-inflicted injury. Approaches include: | Treatment of TTS focuses on managing symptoms and preventing further self-inflicted injury. Approaches include: | ||
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* Medications: Topical or systemic medications to reduce paresthesia and promote healing. | * Medications: Topical or systemic medications to reduce paresthesia and promote healing. | ||
* Behavioral therapy: Techniques to prevent self-inflicted injuries. | * Behavioral therapy: Techniques to prevent self-inflicted injuries. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for TTS varies depending on the underlying cause and the effectiveness of treatment strategies. While the condition can be challenging to manage, early intervention and comprehensive care can improve outcomes. | The prognosis for TTS varies depending on the underlying cause and the effectiveness of treatment strategies. While the condition can be challenging to manage, early intervention and comprehensive care can improve outcomes. | ||
==See also== | |||
== | |||
* [[Trigeminal nerve]] | * [[Trigeminal nerve]] | ||
* [[Herpes zoster]] | * [[Herpes zoster]] | ||
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* [[Paresthesia]] | * [[Paresthesia]] | ||
* [[Facial anesthesia]] | * [[Facial anesthesia]] | ||
== External links == | == External links == | ||
* [https://dermnetnz.org/topics/trigeminal-trophic-syndrome DermNet] | * [https://dermnetnz.org/topics/trigeminal-trophic-syndrome DermNet] | ||
{{Medical resources | {{Medical resources | ||
| ICD11 = {{ICD11|ED30.0}} | | ICD11 = {{ICD11|ED30.0}} | ||
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| ICD10CM = <!-- {{ICD10CM|Xxx.xxxx}} --> | | ICD10CM = <!-- {{ICD10CM|Xxx.xxxx}} --> | ||
| ICD9 = <!-- {{ICD9|xxx}} --> | | ICD9 = <!-- {{ICD9|xxx}} --> | ||
| ICDO = | | ICDO = | ||
| OMIM = | | OMIM = | ||
| MeshID = | | MeshID = | ||
| DiseasesDB = 34891 | | DiseasesDB = 34891 | ||
| SNOMED CT = 403602005 | | SNOMED CT = 403602005 | ||
| Curlie = | | Curlie = | ||
| MedlinePlus = | | MedlinePlus = | ||
| eMedicineSubj = | | eMedicineSubj = | ||
| eMedicineTopic = | | eMedicineTopic = | ||
| PatientUK = | | PatientUK = | ||
| NCI = | | NCI = | ||
| GeneReviewsNBK = | | GeneReviewsNBK = | ||
| GeneReviewsName = | | GeneReviewsName = | ||
| NORD = trigeminal-trophic-syndrome | | NORD = trigeminal-trophic-syndrome | ||
| GARDNum = | | GARDNum = | ||
| GARDName = | | GARDName = | ||
| RP = | | RP = | ||
| AO = | | AO = | ||
| WO = | | WO = | ||
| OrthoInfo = | | OrthoInfo = | ||
| Orphanet = | | Orphanet = | ||
| Scholia = Q7841676 | | Scholia = Q7841676 | ||
| OB = | | OB = | ||
Latest revision as of 19:13, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Trigeminal trophic syndrome | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Facial pain, ulceration of the nasal ala |
| Complications | Infection, scarring |
| Onset | Typically after trigeminal nerve injury |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Damage to the trigeminal nerve |
| Risks | Surgery, trauma, herpes zoster |
| Diagnosis | Clinical evaluation, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Lupus vulgaris, basal cell carcinoma, granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Topical antibiotics, gabapentin, amitriptyline |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, often chronic |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Trigeminal trophic syndrome (TTS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the triad of facial anesthesia, paresthesia, and the development of ulcerative lesions, typically on the nasal ala. This condition results from damage to the trigeminal nerve, which is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing.
Etiology[edit]
The primary cause of TTS is damage to the trigeminal nerve, often due to surgical procedures, trauma, or diseases such as herpes zoster. The damage leads to a loss of sensation in the affected area, which can result in self-inflicted injuries as patients may not feel pain and continue to scratch or rub the area, leading to ulceration.
Clinical Features[edit]
Patients with TTS typically present with:
- Facial anesthesia: Loss of sensation in the affected area.
- Paresthesia: Abnormal sensations such as tingling or burning.
- Ulcerative lesions: Chronic, non-healing ulcers, most commonly on the nasal ala.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of TTS is primarily clinical, based on the characteristic triad of symptoms. A detailed patient history and physical examination are crucial. Imaging studies such as MRI or CT scan may be used to identify the underlying cause of trigeminal nerve damage.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of TTS focuses on managing symptoms and preventing further self-inflicted injury. Approaches include:
- Protective measures: Using barriers or dressings to protect the affected area.
- Medications: Topical or systemic medications to reduce paresthesia and promote healing.
- Behavioral therapy: Techniques to prevent self-inflicted injuries.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for TTS varies depending on the underlying cause and the effectiveness of treatment strategies. While the condition can be challenging to manage, early intervention and comprehensive care can improve outcomes.
See also[edit]
External links[edit]
| Neurotrauma | ||||||
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