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[[Image:India food.jpg|thumb|[[Hyderabadi biryani]] served with [[Indian cuisine|Indian dishes]].]]
{{short description|A mixed rice dish originating from the Indian subcontinent}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}


'''Biryani''', '''biriani''', '''beryani''' or '''beriani''' is a set of rice-based foods made with [[spice]]s, [[rice]] (usually [[basmati]]) and [[meat]], [[Fish (food)|fish]], [[Egg (food)|egg]]s or [[vegetable]]s. The name comes from the [[Persian language|Persian]] word ''beryā(n)'' which means "fried" or "roasted".<ref>''American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language'', ''Oxford English Dictionary''</ref>
'''Biryani''' is a mixed rice dish originating from the [[Indian subcontinent]]. It is made with [[Indian spices]], [[rice]], and usually some type of [[meat]] (such as [[chicken]], [[beef]], [[goat]], [[lamb]], [[prawn]], or [[fish]]), or in some cases, without any meat ([[vegetarian]]), and sometimes, in addition, [[egg]]s or [[potato]]es. Biryani is one of the most popular dishes in [[South Asia]] and among the [[diaspora]] from the region. It has gained popularity in other parts of the world, especially in the [[Middle East]].
[[File:Kofta Biryani.JPG|Kofta_Biryani|thumb|right]]
The cooking method of Biryani came from [[Iran]]. It was brought to the [[Indian subcontinent]] by [[Iran]]ian travelers and merchants. In [[India]], the recipe of '''biryani''' developed to its current form. Local variants of this dish are popular not only in South Asia but also in [[Pakistan]], Southeast Asia, [[Arabia]], and within various South Asian communities in Western countries.
[[File:Hyderabadi Chicken Biryani.jpg|thumb]]
==Ingredients==
The [[spice]]s and [[condiment]]s used in biryani may include, but are not limited to, [[ghee]], [[nutmeg]], [[Mace (spice)|mace]], [[cumin]],<ref name="WWeek">Brown, Ruth. (8/17/2011.) "The Melting Pot - A Local Prep Kitchen Incubates Portland's Next Generation of Food Businesses." Volume 37, #41. ''Willamette Week''.</ref> [[Black pepper|pepper]], [[clove]]s,<ref name="WWeek" /> [[cardamom]], [[cinnamon]], [[Bay leaf|bay leaves]], [[coriander]], [[Mentha|mint]] leaves, [[ginger]], [[onion]]s, and [[garlic]]. The premium varieties include [[saffron]].<ref name="WWeek" /> For a non-[[vegetarianism|vegetarian]] biryani, the main ingredient with the [[spice]]s is the [[meat]]—[[beef]], [[chicken (food)|chicken]], [[Domestic goat|goat]], [[lamb and mutton|lamb]], [[Fish (food)|fish]] or [[shrimp]]. The dish may be served with [[dahi chutney]] or [[Raita]], [[korma]], [[curry]], a sour dish of [[eggplant]] (brinjal), [[boiled egg]] and [[salad]].


Biryani and [[pullao]] are different. In biryani the rice (plain or fried) is cooked separately from the thick sauce (curry of meat or vegetables). The curry and the rice are then brought together and layered.  This makes a dish with contrasting flavors of flavored rice and strongly flavored sauce and meat or vegetables.
==Etymology==
The word "biryani" is derived from the [[Persian language|Persian]] word ''birinj'', meaning "rice". Another theory suggests that it originates from ''biryan'' or ''beriyan'', which means "to fry" or "to roast".


=={{PAGENAME}} Recipe==
==History==
Biryani is believed to have been brought to the Indian subcontinent by [[Muslim]] travelers and merchants. It was further developed in the [[Mughal Empire]] and has since become a staple in the region. The dish has many regional variations, each with its own unique blend of spices and cooking techniques.


<youtube>
==Preparation==
title='''{{PAGENAME}} recipes'''
Biryani is typically prepared by layering partially cooked rice with marinated meat and spices, then cooking it together until the flavors meld. The dish is often cooked in a sealed pot, a method known as ''[[dum]]'', which allows the ingredients to cook in their own steam and juices.
movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/PmqdA05OXuI
&rel=1
embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/PmqdA05OXuI
&rel=1
wrap = yes
width=750
height=600
</youtube>
[[File:Mandi biryani-yum yum tree-Gachibowli-Telangana-DSC001.jpg|Mandi_biryani-yum_yum_tree-Gachibowli-Telangana|thumb|left]] [[File:Bombay Biryani.JPG|Bombay_Biryani|right|thumb]]
Biryani is a popular Indian and Pakistani mixed rice dish that typically includes a variety of spices, meat, vegetables, and basmati rice. The dish is known for its aromatic flavors and is a staple in many South Asian cuisines.
=== History ===
* The origins of biryani are not well documented, but it is believed to have originated in the Indian subcontinent, possibly in the Mughal era. The dish has since spread to other parts of the world, and variations of the dish are now found in many countries, including Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran, and the Middle East.
=== Description ===
* Biryani is typically made by cooking rice and meat separately, and then combining them with a variety of spices and vegetables. The spices used in biryani can vary depending on the region and the chef, but typically include cumin, coriander, turmeric, cardamom, cinnamon, and cloves.
* Meat is a common ingredient in biryani, and can include chicken, lamb, beef, or goat. Vegetarian versions of the dish are also popular, and may include paneer, tofu, or a variety of vegetables.
* Biryani is typically served with raita, a yogurt-based condiment, and is often accompanied by a variety of side dishes, such as chutney, pickles, or papadums.


{{Food infobox
===Ingredients===
|class = Branded
The main ingredients of biryani include:
|description = CHICKEN BIRIYANI WITH BASMATI RICE
* [[Basmati rice]]
|calcium = 18
* [[Meat]] (such as chicken, beef, goat, lamb, prawn, or fish)
|iron = 1.06
* [[Indian spices]] (such as [[cumin]], [[coriander]], [[cardamom]], [[cloves]], [[cinnamon]], [[bay leaves]], [[nutmeg]], and [[mace]])
|vitamin-A = 294
* [[Yogurt]]
|vitamin-C = 2.6
* [[Onions]]
|protein = 8.24
* [[Garlic]]
|fat = 2.65
* [[Ginger]]
|carbs = 15
* [[Saffron]]
|energy = 117
* [[Ghee]] or [[oil]]
|sugars = 1.47
|fiber = 0.6
|sodium = 191
|cholesterol = 26
|fatty-acids = 0.74
|ingredients =
|fdc = 516226
}}
=== Variations ===
* [[Chicken biryani]]: This is one of the most popular types of biryani, and it's made by cooking marinated chicken with spices and then layering it with cooked basmati rice. Some recipes call for the chicken to be cooked separately and then added to the rice.
* [[Vegetable biryani]]: For a vegetarian option, try a vegetable biryani. This dish is made by cooking vegetables like carrots, peas, and potatoes with spices, and then layering them with cooked basmati rice.
* [[Hyderabadi biryani]]: This is a famous biryani from the city of Hyderabad in India. It's made with marinated meat (usually chicken or lamb) that's cooked with spices and then layered with rice. It's typically served with raita (a yogurt-based side dish).
* [[Sindhi Biryani: This biryani comes from the Sindh region of Pakistan, and it's made with marinated meat that's cooked with tomatoes, onions, and spices. It's then layered with rice and fried onions.
* [[Lucknowi biryani]]: This is a biryani from the city of Lucknow in India, and it's known for its use of whole spices like cinnamon, cardamom, and cloves. It's typically made with meat (like chicken or lamb) that's cooked with the spices and then layered with rice.
* [[Kolkata biryani]]: This biryani is a specialty of the city of Kolkata in India, and it's made with basmati rice, meat (usually chicken), potatoes, and a mix of spices including saffron and cinnamon.
* [[Bombay biryani]]: This biryani is a popular street food in Mumbai, India, and it's made with marinated meat that's cooked with tomatoes, onions, and spices. It's then layered with rice and served with a side of raita.
== See also ==
*[[Indian cuisine]]
*[[Pakistani cuisine]]
*[[Rice]]
*[[Spices]]


<gallery>
===Cooking Techniques===
File:Chicken Biryani.jpg|alt=Chicken Biryani|'''Chicken Biryani'''
Biryani can be cooked using different techniques, including:
File:Mutton Biryani of Hyderabad.jpg|alt=Mutton Biryani of Hyderabad|'''Mutton Biryani of Hyderabad'''
* ''[[Dum biryani]]'': The ingredients are layered and cooked in a sealed pot.
File:Biryani Home.jpg|alt=Biryani|Biryani
* ''[[Kacchi biryani]]'': Raw marinated meat is layered with raw rice and cooked together.
File:Mutton Biryani 2.jpg|alt=Mutton Biryani|'''Mutton Biryani'''
* ''[[Pakki biryani]]'': The meat and rice are cooked separately before being layered and cooked together.
File:The art of "BIRYANI".jpg|alt=Art of Biryani|Art of Biryani
 
</gallery>
==Regional Variations==
Biryani has numerous regional variations across the Indian subcontinent, each with its own distinct flavor and preparation method. Some popular types include:
 
* '''[[Hyderabadi biryani]]''': Known for its spicy and aromatic flavor, often made with [[goat meat]].
* '''[[Lucknowi biryani]]''': Also known as ''Awadhi biryani'', it is characterized by its mild flavor and use of saffron.
* '''[[Kolkata biryani]]''': Influenced by the Awadhi style, it includes potatoes and boiled eggs.
* '''[[Sindhi biryani]]''': A spicy version from [[Sindh]], Pakistan, known for its tangy flavor.
* '''[[Malabar biryani]]''': A variation from the [[Malabar Coast]] in [[Kerala]], often made with [[fish]] or [[prawns]].
 
==Serving==
Biryani is typically served with [[raita]], a yogurt-based condiment, and [[salad]]. It may also be accompanied by [[boiled eggs]], [[curry]], or [[chutney]].
 
==Related pages==
* [[Pulao]]
* [[Indian cuisine]]
* [[Pakistani cuisine]]
* [[Mughlai cuisine]]


==Nutritional qualities and comments==
Biryani is not only appetizing but also very nutritious food. A rich source of energy, vitamin A, C, protein, iron (the ones with meat added), and calcium. However, given the rice as the base of it, it is not keto friendly with net carbohydrates of a about 14 per serving of 100 grams and most people consume more than one serving.
{{chicken biryani}}
[[Category:Foods in India]]
[[Category:Rice dishes]]
[[Category:Indian cuisine]]
[[Category:Indian cuisine]]
[[Category:Pakistani food]]
[[Category:Pakistani cuisine]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi cuisine]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi cuisine]]
[[Category:Middle Eastern foods]]
[[Category:Hyderabadi cuisine]]
{{food-stub}}
[[Category:Mixed rice dishes]]

Latest revision as of 19:13, 22 March 2025

A mixed rice dish originating from the Indian subcontinent



Biryani is a mixed rice dish originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is made with Indian spices, rice, and usually some type of meat (such as chicken, beef, goat, lamb, prawn, or fish), or in some cases, without any meat (vegetarian), and sometimes, in addition, eggs or potatoes. Biryani is one of the most popular dishes in South Asia and among the diaspora from the region. It has gained popularity in other parts of the world, especially in the Middle East.

Etymology[edit]

The word "biryani" is derived from the Persian word birinj, meaning "rice". Another theory suggests that it originates from biryan or beriyan, which means "to fry" or "to roast".

History[edit]

Biryani is believed to have been brought to the Indian subcontinent by Muslim travelers and merchants. It was further developed in the Mughal Empire and has since become a staple in the region. The dish has many regional variations, each with its own unique blend of spices and cooking techniques.

Preparation[edit]

Biryani is typically prepared by layering partially cooked rice with marinated meat and spices, then cooking it together until the flavors meld. The dish is often cooked in a sealed pot, a method known as dum, which allows the ingredients to cook in their own steam and juices.

Ingredients[edit]

The main ingredients of biryani include:

Cooking Techniques[edit]

Biryani can be cooked using different techniques, including:

  • Dum biryani: The ingredients are layered and cooked in a sealed pot.
  • Kacchi biryani: Raw marinated meat is layered with raw rice and cooked together.
  • Pakki biryani: The meat and rice are cooked separately before being layered and cooked together.

Regional Variations[edit]

Biryani has numerous regional variations across the Indian subcontinent, each with its own distinct flavor and preparation method. Some popular types include:

Serving[edit]

Biryani is typically served with raita, a yogurt-based condiment, and salad. It may also be accompanied by boiled eggs, curry, or chutney.

Related pages[edit]

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