Gastroparesis: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
CSV import |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{SI}} | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Gastroparesis | |||
| image = [[File:GastroparesisXray.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = X-ray showing gastroparesis | |||
| field = [[Gastroenterology]] | |||
| synonyms = Delayed gastric emptying | |||
| symptoms = [[Nausea]], [[vomiting]], feeling of fullness, [[abdominal pain]] | |||
| complications = [[Malnutrition]], [[dehydration]], [[bezoar]] formation | |||
| onset = Any age, more common in [[women]] | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Diabetes mellitus]], [[surgery]], [[medications]], [[idiopathic]] | |||
| risks = [[Diabetes]], [[scleroderma]], [[Parkinson's disease]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Gastric emptying study]], [[endoscopy]], [[ultrasound]] | |||
| differential = [[Peptic ulcer disease]], [[gastric outlet obstruction]], [[functional dyspepsia]] | |||
| treatment = [[Dietary changes]], [[medications]], [[gastric electrical stimulation]] | |||
| medication = [[Metoclopramide]], [[domperidone]], [[erythromycin]] | |||
| frequency = Affects up to 4% of the population | |||
| deaths = Rarely directly fatal | |||
}} | |||
Gastroparesis, also known as delayed gastric emptying, is a medical condition characterized by the [[paralysis]] or abnormal motility of the [[stomach]] muscles, leading to slower than normal digestion. This reduced mobility interferes with the stomach's natural emptying of food into the [[small intestine]]. | Gastroparesis, also known as delayed gastric emptying, is a medical condition characterized by the [[paralysis]] or abnormal motility of the [[stomach]] muscles, leading to slower than normal digestion. This reduced mobility interferes with the stomach's natural emptying of food into the [[small intestine]]. | ||
[[File:Gray1046.svg|thumb|Stomach | [[File:Gray1046.svg|left|thumb|Stomach]] | ||
=== Etiology and Pathophysiology === | === Etiology and Pathophysiology === | ||
While the exact cause of gastroparesis is often unknown, it's commonly associated with damage to the [[vagus nerve]], which controls the digestive system's muscles. Conditions such as diabetes mellitus, [[Parkinson's disease]], [[scleroderma]], and certain medications can also contribute to the development of gastroparesis. | While the exact cause of gastroparesis is often unknown, it's commonly associated with damage to the [[vagus nerve]], which controls the digestive system's muscles. Conditions such as diabetes mellitus, [[Parkinson's disease]], [[scleroderma]], and certain medications can also contribute to the development of gastroparesis. | ||
In gastroparesis, the coordination between the muscles and the nerve signals from the stomach to the small intestine is disrupted, causing food to remain in the stomach for an extended period. | In gastroparesis, the coordination between the muscles and the nerve signals from the stomach to the small intestine is disrupted, causing food to remain in the stomach for an extended period. | ||
=== Clinical Presentation === | === Clinical Presentation === | ||
Symptoms of gastroparesis can vary in severity among individuals, and they include nausea, vomiting, early satiety, bloating, and upper abdominal pain. In severe cases, it can lead to malnutrition and weight loss due to reduced food intake. | Symptoms of gastroparesis can vary in severity among individuals, and they include nausea, vomiting, early satiety, bloating, and upper abdominal pain. In severe cases, it can lead to malnutrition and weight loss due to reduced food intake. | ||
=== Diagnosis === | === Diagnosis === | ||
Diagnosis is typically based on the patient's clinical history and diagnostic tests, such as a gastric emptying study, [[endoscopy]], or a barium X-ray. Blood tests may also be performed to rule out other potential causes of the symptoms. | Diagnosis is typically based on the patient's clinical history and diagnostic tests, such as a gastric emptying study, [[endoscopy]], or a barium X-ray. Blood tests may also be performed to rule out other potential causes of the symptoms. | ||
=== Management === | === Management === | ||
While there's no cure for gastroparesis, treatments aim to manage symptoms and address the underlying cause, if identified. Dietary modifications, such as eating smaller, more frequent meals, can be beneficial. Certain medications may also be prescribed to stimulate gastric emptying or to manage symptoms. In severe cases, alternative feeding methods may be necessary. | While there's no cure for gastroparesis, treatments aim to manage symptoms and address the underlying cause, if identified. Dietary modifications, such as eating smaller, more frequent meals, can be beneficial. Certain medications may also be prescribed to stimulate gastric emptying or to manage symptoms. In severe cases, alternative feeding methods may be necessary. | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Gastroenterology]] | * [[Gastroenterology]] | ||
* [[Diabetes mellitus]] | * [[Diabetes mellitus]] | ||
| Line 27: | Line 36: | ||
* [[Scleroderma]] | * [[Scleroderma]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
* "Gastroparesis". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2023-05-18. | * "Gastroparesis". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2023-05-18. | ||
Latest revision as of 01:54, 7 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Gastroparesis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Delayed gastric emptying |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Nausea, vomiting, feeling of fullness, abdominal pain |
| Complications | Malnutrition, dehydration, bezoar formation |
| Onset | Any age, more common in women |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Diabetes mellitus, surgery, medications, idiopathic |
| Risks | Diabetes, scleroderma, Parkinson's disease |
| Diagnosis | Gastric emptying study, endoscopy, ultrasound |
| Differential diagnosis | Peptic ulcer disease, gastric outlet obstruction, functional dyspepsia |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Dietary changes, medications, gastric electrical stimulation |
| Medication | Metoclopramide, domperidone, erythromycin |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Affects up to 4% of the population |
| Deaths | Rarely directly fatal |
Gastroparesis, also known as delayed gastric emptying, is a medical condition characterized by the paralysis or abnormal motility of the stomach muscles, leading to slower than normal digestion. This reduced mobility interferes with the stomach's natural emptying of food into the small intestine.
Etiology and Pathophysiology[edit]
While the exact cause of gastroparesis is often unknown, it's commonly associated with damage to the vagus nerve, which controls the digestive system's muscles. Conditions such as diabetes mellitus, Parkinson's disease, scleroderma, and certain medications can also contribute to the development of gastroparesis. In gastroparesis, the coordination between the muscles and the nerve signals from the stomach to the small intestine is disrupted, causing food to remain in the stomach for an extended period.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Symptoms of gastroparesis can vary in severity among individuals, and they include nausea, vomiting, early satiety, bloating, and upper abdominal pain. In severe cases, it can lead to malnutrition and weight loss due to reduced food intake.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis is typically based on the patient's clinical history and diagnostic tests, such as a gastric emptying study, endoscopy, or a barium X-ray. Blood tests may also be performed to rule out other potential causes of the symptoms.
Management[edit]
While there's no cure for gastroparesis, treatments aim to manage symptoms and address the underlying cause, if identified. Dietary modifications, such as eating smaller, more frequent meals, can be beneficial. Certain medications may also be prescribed to stimulate gastric emptying or to manage symptoms. In severe cases, alternative feeding methods may be necessary.
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
<references/>
- "Gastroparesis". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2023-05-18.
- "Understanding Gastroparesis". American Gastroenterological Association. Retrieved 2023-05-18.
