Bezoar
Bezoar
Bezoar (/ˈbiːzɔːr/) is a mass found trapped in the gastrointestinal system, usually in the stomach. These masses are often composed of indigestible material, which can include hair (trichobezoar), plant material (phytobezoar), or other substances.
Etymology
The term "bezoar" originates from the Arabic word "bāzahr" or the Persian word "pādzahr", both meaning "antidote".
Types of Bezoars
There are several types of bezoars, classified based on the material they are composed of:
- Trichobezoar: A bezoar formed from hair. This is often seen in individuals with trichotillomania (compulsive hair-pulling disorder) and trichophagia (compulsive eating of hair).
- Phytobezoar: A bezoar formed from indigestible plant material. This is often seen in individuals who consume a high-fiber diet.
- Pharmacobezoar: A bezoar formed from medication or drug material. This is often seen in individuals who have overdosed on certain types of medication.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Symptoms of a bezoar can vary depending on the size and location of the mass. They can include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and in severe cases, gastrointestinal obstruction. Diagnosis is typically made through imaging studies such as an abdominal ultrasound or CT scan.
Treatment
Treatment for bezoars can include medication to dissolve the mass, endoscopic removal, or in severe cases, surgery. The specific treatment will depend on the type of bezoar and the patient's overall health.
Related Terms
- Gastrointestinal system: The system of the body that includes the stomach and intestines.
- Trichotillomania: A mental disorder characterized by a compulsive urge to pull out one's own hair.
- Trichophagia: A compulsion to eat hair.
- Abdominal ultrasound: An imaging test that uses sound waves to create pictures of the organs within the abdomen.
- CT scan: A type of imaging test that uses X-rays and a computer to create detailed images of the inside of the body.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bezoar
- Wikipedia's article - Bezoar
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