Zinc bromide

Zinc bromide
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Ball-and-stick model of zinc bromide
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Properties
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Zinc bromide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula ZnBr₂. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water and other polar solvents. Zinc bromide is used in various applications, including as a reagent in organic synthesis, in the preparation of other zinc compounds, and in the oil and gas industry as a dense, clear brine for well completion and workover fluids.

Structure and Properties

Zinc bromide is composed of zinc cations (Zn²⁺) and bromide anions (Br⁻). In its solid state, it forms a crystalline lattice structure. The compound has a high melting point of 394 °C and a boiling point of 697 °C, indicating strong ionic bonds between the zinc and bromide ions.

Zinc bromide is highly soluble in water, forming a clear, colorless solution. It is also soluble in ethanol and ether, making it versatile for use in various chemical reactions and industrial applications.

Applications

Organic Synthesis

In organic chemistry, zinc bromide is used as a Lewis acid catalyst. It can facilitate various reactions, including the formation of carbon-carbon bonds and the activation of carbonyl groups. Its ability to stabilize carbocations makes it useful in rearrangement reactions and other transformations.

Oil and Gas Industry

Zinc bromide is used in the oil and gas industry as a completion and workover fluid. Its high density (4.22 g/cm³) makes it ideal for controlling well pressure and preventing blowouts. The clear brine solution is non-damaging to the formation and can be easily removed after use.

Other Uses

Zinc bromide is also used in the preparation of other zinc compounds and as a fire retardant. Its ability to absorb moisture makes it useful in humidity control applications.

Safety and Handling

Zinc bromide should be handled with care, as it can be corrosive to metals and irritating to the skin and eyes. Proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be worn when handling the compound. In case of contact with skin or eyes, the affected area should be rinsed thoroughly with water.

Also see

• Zinc chloride
• Zinc sulfate
• Bromine
• Lewis acid
• Completion fluid

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