Wissler's syndrome

Wissler's syndrome
Synonyms	Wissler-Fanconi syndrome
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Fever, rash, arthralgia, myalgia, leukocytosis, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Complications	Pericarditis, pleuritis
Onset	Typically in childhood or adolescence
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Unknown, possibly autoimmune
Risks	Unknown
Diagnosis	Clinical evaluation, exclusion of other conditions
Differential diagnosis	Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatic fever
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Wissler's syndrome is a rare rheumatic disease.

Clinical presentation

Wissler's syndrome has a presentation similar to sepsis.

Related to Still's disease

It is sometimes considered closely related to Still's disease.

Naming

It is named for Guido Fanconi and Hans Wissler.

History

It was first described by Wissler in 1944 and Fanconi in 1946. Single observations by E. Uhse in 1943 («Febris maculosa intermittens»), Fykow in 1929 and Nowak in 1942.

Signs and symptoms

A symptom complex characterised by:

• high intermittent fever of septic type,
• constantly recurring exanthema,
• transient arthralgia,
• carditis,
• pleurisy,
• neutrophil leukocytosis, and
• increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

Causes

Etiology uncertain. Wissler suggested an allergic reaction to bacteraemia as the pathogenic factor.

Diagnosis

History, physical examination and studies to rule out other common causes

Epidemiology

Children and adolescents are most frequently affected

Ages affected

The age in the reported cases varied from 5 to 17 years.

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