Analgesics
Analgesics
Analgesics (pronounced: /ˌænəlˈdʒiːzɪks/), also known as painkillers, are a class of drugs used to achieve analgesia, relief from pain. The term "analgesic" is derived from Greek words "an-" (without) and "algos" (pain).
Etymology
The term "analgesic" is derived from ancient Greek "an-", meaning "without", and "algos", meaning "pain". Thus, the term literally means "without pain".
Types of Analgesics
There are two main types of analgesics: non-opioid analgesics and opioid analgesics. Non-opioid analgesics are typically used for mild to moderate pain, while opioid analgesics are used for severe pain.
Non-Opioid Analgesics
Non-opioid analgesics include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol). These drugs work by blocking the production of prostaglandins, chemicals in the body that cause pain and inflammation.
Opioid Analgesics
Opioid analgesics, such as morphine and codeine, work by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, blocking the transmission of pain signals to the brain.
Related Terms
- Pain: An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.
- Inflammation: A protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators to remove harmful stimuli.
- Prostaglandins: A group of lipids made at sites of tissue damage or infection that are involved in dealing with injury and illness.
- Opioid receptors: Proteins that are activated by the neurotransmitters found in the opium poppy.
See Also
- Antipyretics: Drugs that reduce fever.
- Anti-inflammatory drugs: Drugs that reduce inflammation.
- Narcotics: Drugs that relieve pain and induce sleep.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Analgesics
- Wikipedia's article - Analgesics
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