Scaphocephaly

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Scaphocephaly
File:Scaphocephalic cranium.jpg
Synonyms	Dolichocephaly
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Elongated head, narrow skull, frontal bossing
Complications	Intracranial pressure, developmental delay
Onset	Infancy
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Premature closure of the sagittal suture
Risks	Genetic factors, environmental factors
Diagnosis	Physical examination, imaging studies
Differential diagnosis	Positional plagiocephaly, other craniosynostosis types
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Surgery, helmet therapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	1 in 2,000 live births
Deaths	N/A

Dolichocephaly at 10 years

Shuttleworth Potts Plate VII

File:Various types 2 (detail E, sphenocephalus).jpg

Various types detail E, sphenocephalus

Scaphocephaly is a medical condition characterized by the elongation of the head due to the premature fusion of the sagittal suture, the fibrous joint that runs along the top of the skull. This condition is a type of craniosynostosis, a group of conditions characterized by the premature fusion of the skull bones.

Causes

Scaphocephaly is typically caused by the premature fusion of the sagittal suture. This can occur as a result of genetic factors, such as mutations in the FGFR2 and TWIST1 genes, or due to environmental factors, such as pressure on the skull in the womb or during birth.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of scaphocephaly is an abnormally long and narrow head. Other symptoms can include developmental delays, learning difficulties, and in severe cases, increased pressure on the brain leading to seizures and other neurological problems.

Diagnosis

Scaphocephaly is typically diagnosed through a physical examination and imaging tests, such as X-rays or computed tomography (CT) scans. Genetic testing may also be performed to identify any underlying genetic causes.

Treatment

Treatment for scaphocephaly typically involves surgery to separate the fused skull bones and allow for normal growth. This is usually performed in the first year of life. In some cases, nonsurgical treatments such as helmet therapy may be used.

See also

• Craniosynostosis
• Plagiocephaly
• Brachycephaly