Plagiocephaly

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Plagiocephaly
Synonyms	Flat head syndrome
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Asymmetrical head shape, flattening of the skull
Complications	Facial asymmetry, developmental delays
Onset	Infancy
Duration	Varies
Types	N/A
Causes	Positional factors, congenital
Risks	Premature birth, multiple births, torticollis
Diagnosis	Physical examination, imaging studies
Differential diagnosis	Craniosynostosis, torticollis
Prevention	Repositioning techniques, tummy time
Treatment	Physical therapy, helmet therapy
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Plagiocephaly or Asymmetrical Skull

Plagiocephaly is a condition characterized by an asymmetrical distortion (flattening of one side) of the skull. It is a common finding at birth and may be the result of a restrictive intrauterine environment. In other cases, plagiocephaly can develop after birth due to external pressures on the skull.

Causes

Plagiocephaly can be caused by a number of factors. These include premature birth, multiple births, restrictive intrauterine environment, and torticollis. It can also be caused by the baby's position in the womb or a difficult childbirth.

Types

There are two types of plagiocephaly: positional plagiocephaly and synostotic plagiocephaly. Positional plagiocephaly, also known as deformational plagiocephaly, occurs when a baby's head develops a flat spot due to pressure on that area. Babies are vulnerable because their skull is soft and pliable. Synostotic plagiocephaly, also known as craniosynostosis, is a more serious condition that occurs when the joints between the bones of the baby's skull close prematurely.

Treatment

Treatment for plagiocephaly depends on the cause and the severity of the condition. For mild cases of positional plagiocephaly, changing the baby's position during sleep and providing plenty of tummy time during the day can help. For more severe cases, a custom-fitted helmet may be used to help shape the baby's skull. Treatment for synostotic plagiocephaly usually involves surgery to correct the shape of the skull.

See also

• Craniosynostosis
• Torticollis
• Premature birth