Neural circuit

Neural Circuit

A Neural Circuit (pronunciation: /ˈnʊərəl ˈsɜːkɪt/), also known as a neuronal circuit, is a complex network of interconnected Neurons that are responsible for the transmission of information and the execution of specific tasks in the nervous system.

Etymology

The term "Neural Circuit" is derived from the Latin word "neuralis" meaning "of the nerves" and the English word "circuit" which refers to a path or a line that eventually leads back to the starting point.

Definition

A Neural Circuit is a series of interconnected neurons that work together to influence certain physiological responses. Each circuit is composed of an array of different types of neurons, each with its own specific function, that are connected through synapses.

Function

Neural Circuits are responsible for all the functions of the nervous system, from basic motor reflexes to more complex cognitive processes such as learning and memory. They are the basic functional units of the nervous system, and their operation is essential for the processing and transmission of neural information.

Related Terms

Neuron: The basic working unit of the brain, a specialized cell designed to transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells.
Synapse: The junction between two neurons or a neuron and a muscle where electrical or chemical signals are transmitted.
Nervous system: The complex network of nerves and cells that transmit signals between different parts of the body.
Neurotransmitter: Chemicals that transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a synapse.