Negative-strand RNA virus

Negative-strand RNA virus

A Negative-strand RNA virus (pronounced as /ˈnɛɡətɪv strænd ɑːrˈɛnˈeɪ ˈvaɪrəs/) is a type of virus that uses negative sense, single-stranded RNA as its genetic material. The term "negative-strand" refers to the polarity of the RNA.

Etymology

The term "Negative-strand RNA virus" is derived from the nature of the virus's genetic material. In this context, "negative" refers to the orientation of the RNA strand, and "strand" refers to the single strand of RNA that makes up the virus's genome.

Classification

Negative-strand RNA viruses are classified under the Group V of the Baltimore classification system. This group includes several families of viruses such as Orthomyxoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Rhabdoviridae, and Filoviridae, among others.

Replication

The replication of negative-strand RNA viruses is unique. Unlike other RNA viruses, these viruses must carry an RNA polymerase within the virion. This is because the host cell's machinery cannot read the negative-strand RNA to make proteins. The viral polymerase is used to transcribe the negative-strand RNA into positive-strand mRNA, which can then be read by the host cell's machinery to produce viral proteins.

Related Terms

• Positive-strand RNA virus
• Double-stranded RNA virus
• Retrovirus
• Viral replication
• Viral evolution

See Also

• Virus classification
• Viral diseases
• Viral genetics

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Negative-strand RNA virus
• Wikipedia's article - Negative-strand RNA virus

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