Melancholia
Melancholia
Melancholia (pronounced: mel·an·cho·lia) is a term used in psychology and psychiatry to describe a severe form of depression characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest in activities, and a variety of physical symptoms.
Etymology
The term "melancholia" comes from the Ancient Greek words "melas" (black) and "khole" (bile), referring to the belief in humoral theory that an excess of black bile in the body caused depressive symptoms.
Symptoms
Symptoms of melancholia can include persistent feelings of sadness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, significant weight loss or gain, insomnia or hypersomnia, psychomotor agitation or retardation, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt, diminished ability to think or concentrate, and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of melancholia is typically made by a mental health professional such as a psychiatrist or psychologist, and is based on the individual's reported experiences and a mental status examination.
Treatment
Treatment for melancholia can involve a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and lifestyle changes. In severe cases, electroconvulsive therapy may be used.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Melancholia
- Wikipedia's article - Melancholia
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