Malignant germ cell tumor
Malignant Germ Cell Tumor
Malignant germ cell tumor (pronunciation: muh-lig-nuhnt jerm sel too-mer) is a type of cancer that originates from the germ cells. Germ cells are the cells that develop into sperm in males and eggs in females.
Etymology
The term 'malignant' is derived from the Latin word 'malignus' meaning 'bad kind' or 'deadly'. 'Germ cell' is derived from the Latin word 'germen' meaning 'sprout' or 'offshoot', and the Old English word 'cella' meaning 'small room'. 'Tumor' is derived from the Latin word 'tumere' meaning 'to swell'.
Types
There are several types of malignant germ cell tumors, including:
- Seminoma: A type of testicular cancer that originates from germ cells.
- Dysgerminoma: A type of ovarian cancer that originates from germ cells.
- Embryonal carcinoma: A highly malignant germ cell tumor that can occur in the testes or ovaries.
- Yolk sac tumor: A rare type of germ cell tumor that usually occurs in children.
- Choriocarcinoma: A rare and highly malignant form of cancer that originates from germ cells.
Symptoms
Symptoms of malignant germ cell tumors can vary depending on the type and location of the tumor. Common symptoms may include:
- Abdominal pain or discomfort
- A lump in the testes or ovaries
- Unexplained weight loss
- Fatigue
- Shortness of breath
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of malignant germ cell tumors typically involves a physical examination, imaging tests such as CT scan or MRI, and a biopsy to examine the cells under a microscope. Blood tests may also be done to check for tumor markers, which are substances produced by some types of cancer.
Treatment
Treatment for malignant germ cell tumors may include surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy. The choice of treatment depends on the type and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health.
Prognosis
The prognosis for malignant germ cell tumors can vary widely depending on the type and stage of the tumor, as well as the patient's overall health. However, with early detection and treatment, many patients can achieve a good prognosis.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Malignant germ cell tumor
- Wikipedia's article - Malignant germ cell tumor
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