Endodermal sinus tumor

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Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Endodermal sinus tumor
File:Mixed germ cell tumour - high mag.jpg Endodermal sinus tumor under microscope
Synonyms	Yolk sac tumor
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Abdominal pain, swelling, ascites, dyspnea
Complications	Metastasis, infertility
Onset	Typically in children and young adults
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Unknown, associated with germ cell tumors
Risks	Cryptorchidism, genetic predisposition
Diagnosis	Histopathology, tumor markers
Differential diagnosis	Teratoma, embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma
Prevention	None known
Treatment	Surgery, chemotherapy
Medication	Cisplatin, etoposide, bleomycin
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	Varies depending on stage and treatment

File:Histopathology of endodermal sinus tumor with Schiller–Duval bodies.png

Histopathology of endodermal sinus tumor with Schiller–Duval bodies

Endodermal sinus tumor (EST) is a rare, aggressive type of germ cell tumor that typically originates in the ovaries or testes. It is also known as yolk sac tumor due to its resemblance to the yolk sac of an early human embryo. This tumor is most commonly diagnosed in children and young adults.

Symptoms

The symptoms of an endodermal sinus tumor can vary depending on the location of the tumor. Common symptoms include abdominal or pelvic pain, a palpable mass, and unexplained weight loss. In males, the tumor may cause testicular swelling or discomfort.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of an endodermal sinus tumor typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scan, and laboratory tests. A definitive diagnosis is usually made through a biopsy of the tumor.

Treatment

Treatment for endodermal sinus tumor often involves a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The choice of treatment depends on the size and location of the tumor, the patient's overall health, and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with endodermal sinus tumor varies widely and depends on several factors, including the stage of the disease at diagnosis, the patient's age and overall health, and the response to treatment.

See also

• Germ cell tumor
• Ovarian cancer
• Testicular cancer

References

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