List of adverse effects of trazodone

Trazodone is a medication primarily used to treat major depressive disorder, with additional uses for conditions such as anxiety disorders and insomnia. Despite its therapeutic benefits, trazodone can cause a range of adverse effects. This article aims to provide a comprehensive list of these effects, categorized by their frequency and severity. It is important for patients and healthcare providers to be aware of these potential risks to manage them effectively.

Common Adverse Effects

Common adverse effects of trazodone are those that occur in more than 1% of patients. These include:

• Drowsiness
• Dizziness
• Dry mouth
• Nausea
• Headache
• Blurred vision
• Fatigue
• Constipation

Less Common Adverse Effects

These effects occur in less than 1% of patients but are still noteworthy:

• Orthostatic hypotension (sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing)
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Muscle aches
• Confusion
• Nasal congestion

Rare and Serious Adverse Effects

Rare, but serious adverse effects of trazodone include:

• Serotonin Syndrome - A potentially life-threatening condition caused by excessive levels of serotonin in the brain.
• Priapism - A prolonged and painful erection that can cause permanent damage to the penis.
• Cardiac arrhythmias - Irregular heartbeats that can be life-threatening.
• Liver damage
• Seizures

Psychiatric Adverse Effects

Trazodone can also have effects on mental health, such as:

• Agitation
• Anxiety
• Hallucinations
• Paranoia
• Suicidal thoughts or behavior in individuals under 25 years old.

Withdrawal Symptoms

Discontinuing trazodone suddenly can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as:

• Insomnia
• Agitation
• Dizziness
• Sweating
• Nausea

Interactions

Trazodone can interact with other medications, leading to increased risk of adverse effects. These interactions include:

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Alcohol
• Warfarin
• Digoxin

Precautions

Patients with certain conditions should use trazodone with caution, including those with:

• Heart disease
• Liver disease
• Kidney disease
• History of seizures
• Bipolar disorder

Conclusion

While trazodone is an effective medication for treating depression and other conditions, it is associated with a range of adverse effects. Patients should be closely monitored by healthcare providers for any signs of these effects, especially when starting treatment or adjusting dosage.

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