Identity

Identity is a term used in psychology, philosophy, sociology and anthropology to describe an individual's conception and expression of their individuality or group affiliations. The concept of identity has been studied extensively in various disciplines and in a range of contexts, from individual self-identity to national identity.

Definition

Identity is defined as the qualities, beliefs, personality, looks and/or expressions that make a person (self-identity) or group (social identity), and is a complex, multi-faceted concept that has been the subject of much debate and research.

Types of Identity

There are several types of identity that have been studied, including:

• Personal Identity: This refers to the unique characteristics and experiences that differentiate one person from another.
• Social Identity: This refers to the identity that an individual derives from being part of a group.
• Cultural Identity: This refers to the identity that an individual derives from their cultural background.
• Gender Identity: This refers to the personal sense of one's own gender, which may or may not correspond with their birth sex.

Identity in Psychology

In psychology, identity is often studied in terms of self-concept, self-esteem, and self-image. The development of identity is a key task during adolescence, and continues to evolve throughout life.

Identity in Sociology

In sociology, identity is often studied in relation to social structures and institutions. This includes the study of racial and ethnic identity, gender identity, and class identity.

Identity in Philosophy

In philosophy, identity is often discussed in relation to the self and consciousness. Philosophers such as John Locke and David Hume have made significant contributions to the understanding of personal identity.

See Also

• Self-concept
• Social Identity Theory
• Cultural Identity Theory
• Gender Identity Theory

References

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