Hypocapnia
Hypocapnia (pronounced: hi-po-cap-nee-uh) is a medical term that refers to a state of reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood.
Etymology
The term Hypocapnia is derived from the Greek words 'hypo' meaning 'under' or 'less than normal' and 'kapnos' meaning 'smoke' or 'vapor'. In this context, it refers to the 'less than normal' levels of carbon dioxide (vapor) in the blood.
Definition
Hypocapnia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood below normal. This can occur due to deep or rapid breathing, known as Hyperventilation.
Causes
Hypocapnia is most commonly caused by hyperventilation, which can be due to physical exertion, anxiety, or a response to certain medical conditions such as COPD or Asthma. Other causes can include certain medications, high altitude, or metabolic conditions.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hypocapnia can include dizziness, lightheadedness, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, it can lead to unconsciousness or seizures.
Treatment
Treatment for hypocapnia is typically aimed at addressing the underlying cause. This may involve techniques to slow the breathing rate in cases of hyperventilation, or medication to manage conditions such as COPD or asthma.
Related Terms
- Hypercapnia: An elevated level of carbon dioxide in the blood.
- Respiratory Alkalosis: A condition where the amount of carbon dioxide found in the blood drops to a level below normal, which leads to an increase in blood pH.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hypocapnia
- Wikipedia's article - Hypocapnia
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