Hypercalciuria

Hypercalciuria

Hypercalciuria (pronounced: hi-per-kal-see-yoo-ree-uh) is a medical condition characterized by the excessive excretion of calcium in urine.

Etymology

The term "Hypercalciuria" is derived from the Greek words "hyper" meaning over, "calcium" referring to the chemical element, and "uria" meaning urine.

Definition

Hypercalciuria is defined as the excretion of more than 250 mg of calcium in the urine in a 24-hour period in women and more than 300 mg in men. It is one of the most common identifiable causes of calcium oxalate kidney stones.

Causes

Hypercalciuria can be caused by various factors including dietary habits, genetic predisposition, and certain medical conditions such as hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, and vitamin D excess.

Symptoms

While many individuals with hypercalciuria may not exhibit any symptoms, some may experience symptoms related to kidney stones such as abdominal or back pain, blood in the urine (hematuria), and frequent urination (polyuria).

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hypercalciuria typically involves a 24-hour urine collection test to measure the amount of calcium excreted in the urine. Additional tests may include blood tests to check for elevated levels of calcium (hypercalcemia) and parathyroid hormone (parathyroid hormone test).

Treatment

Treatment for hypercalciuria often involves dietary modifications to reduce calcium intake and increase fluid intake. In some cases, medications such as thiazide diuretics or phosphate supplements may be prescribed.

Related Terms

• Calcium oxalate
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Sarcoidosis
• Vitamin D
• Hematuria
• Polyuria
• Hypercalcemia
• Parathyroid hormone test

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Hypercalciuria
• Wikipedia's article - Hypercalciuria

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