Haemoglobinuria
Haemoglobinuria
Haemoglobinuria (pronounced: hee-muh-gloh-buh-noo-ree-uh) is a medical condition characterized by the presence of haemoglobin in the urine. The condition is typically associated with a number of diseases and conditions, including malaria, sickle cell disease, and thalassemia.
Etymology
The term "Haemoglobinuria" is derived from three Greek words: "haima" meaning blood, "globin" referring to the protein in red blood cells, and "ouron" meaning urine. Thus, the term literally translates to "blood protein in urine."
Definition
Haemoglobinuria is defined as the presence of free haemoglobin in the urine. This occurs when the red blood cells are destroyed (a process known as haemolysis) and the haemoglobin released is excreted in the urine, giving it a dark, reddish-brown colour.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of haemoglobinuria is dark-coloured urine. Other symptoms may include fatigue, shortness of breath, jaundice (a yellowing of the skin and eyes), and anaemia (a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells).
Causes
Haemoglobinuria can be caused by a variety of conditions that lead to the destruction of red blood cells. These include genetic disorders such as sickle cell disease and thalassemia, infections such as malaria, and certain medications or toxins.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of haemoglobinuria typically involves a urinalysis to detect the presence of haemoglobin in the urine. Additional tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause of the condition.
Treatment
Treatment for haemoglobinuria focuses on managing the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve medication to treat infections, blood transfusions for severe anaemia, or other treatments as appropriate.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Haemoglobinuria
- Wikipedia's article - Haemoglobinuria
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