Epicatechin gallate

Epicatechin gallate

Chemical structure of Epicatechin gallate

Epicatechin gallate (ECG) is a type of flavan-3-ol, a class of flavonoids found in various plants. It is one of the main catechins present in green tea and is known for its potential antioxidant properties.

Chemical Structure

Epicatechin gallate is a polyphenol with the chemical formula C₂₂H₁₈O₁₀. It consists of an epicatechin moiety linked to a gallate group. The structure includes multiple hydroxyl groups, which contribute to its antioxidant activity.

Sources

ECG is predominantly found in green tea, where it is one of the four major catechins, along with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin (EC), and epigallocatechin (EGC). It is also present in smaller amounts in other foods and beverages derived from plants.

Biological Activity

Epicatechin gallate is studied for its potential health benefits, primarily due to its antioxidant properties. It may help in reducing oxidative stress and has been investigated for its role in cardiovascular health, cancer prevention, and neuroprotection.

Antioxidant Properties

The antioxidant activity of ECG is attributed to its ability to scavenge free radicals and chelate metal ions. This activity helps in protecting cells from oxidative damage, which is implicated in various chronic diseases.

Cardiovascular Health

Studies suggest that ECG may contribute to heart health by improving endothelial function, reducing blood pressure, and lowering cholesterol levels. These effects are thought to be mediated through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Cancer Prevention

Research indicates that ECG may have anti-cancer properties. It is believed to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and induce apoptosis in certain types of cancer. However, more research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and efficacy in cancer prevention.

Neuroprotection

ECG is also being studied for its potential neuroprotective effects. It may help in preventing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain.

Related Pages

• Catechin
• Epigallocatechin gallate
• Flavonoid
• Green tea