Elephantiasis

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Elephantiasis

Elephantiasis (pronounced: /ˌɛlɪfənˈtaɪəsɪs/) is a medical condition characterized by the extreme swelling of certain body parts, typically the legs and genitals. The term is derived from the Greek words 'elephas' (elephant) and 'iasis' (condition), indicating the elephant-like appearance of the affected areas.

Causes

Elephantiasis is primarily caused by a parasitic infection from filarial worms, specifically Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori. These worms are transmitted to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes.

Symptoms

The most notable symptom of elephantiasis is the severe swelling and enlargement of body parts, often the legs, arms, breasts, and genitalia. Other symptoms may include fever, chills, and skin ulcers.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of elephantiasis often involves a physical examination of the affected areas, blood tests to detect the presence of filarial worms, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI to assess the extent of the swelling.

Treatment

Treatment for elephantiasis typically involves medications to kill the filarial worms, such as diethylcarbamazine (DEC), and measures to manage the symptoms, including pain relief and physical therapy. In severe cases, surgery may be required to remove the excess tissue.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for elephantiasis include mosquito control measures and mass drug administration (MDA) programs in areas where the disease is common.

Related Terms

External links

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