Centrosome

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Centrosome

The Centrosome (pronounced: sen-troh-sohm) is a key component of the cell's microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). It plays a crucial role in cell division, cell cycle, and cytoskeleton organization.

Etymology

The term "Centrosome" is derived from the Latin centrum meaning "center" and the Greek soma meaning "body". It was first described by Theodor Boveri in 1888.

Function

The primary function of the centrosome is to organize the microtubules in the cell. It is also involved in the separation of chromosomes during cell division. The centrosome contains two centrioles that move to opposite ends of the cell during cell division, helping to pull apart the replicated chromosomes.

Structure

The centrosome is composed of two orthogonally arranged centrioles surrounded by an amorphous mass of protein termed the pericentriolar material (PCM). Each centriole is a cylinder-shaped structure made up of nine triplets of microtubules.

Related Terms

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