Borderline personality disorder

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Borderline personality disorder
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Emotional instability, impulsive behavior, distorted self-image, unstable relationships
Complications	N/A
Onset	Adolescence or early adulthood
Duration	Long-term
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic and environmental factors
Risks	Childhood trauma, family history of mental disorders
Diagnosis	Based on clinical assessment
Differential diagnosis	Bipolar disorder, complex post-traumatic stress disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Psychotherapy, medication
Medication	Antidepressants, mood stabilizers, antipsychotics
Prognosis	Variable; some improve with treatment
Frequency	Estimated 1.6% of the general population
Deaths	N/A

Borderline personality disorder - a disorder characterized by an enduring pattern of unstable self image and mood together with volatile interpersonal relationships, self damaging impulsivity, recurrent suicidal threats or gestures and/or self mutilating behavior.

Clinical features

The major mental health disease known as borderline personality disorder, or BPD, is characterized by cycles of unstable and tumultuous emotions, impulsivity, and disordered relationships. It is not entirely clear what causes borderline personality disorder (BPD), but researchers believe that genetics, upbringing, and environmental factors all have a role.

Risk factors

The following are some of the risk factors for BPD:

• Abandonment throughout formative years (either childhood or adolescent)
• a lifestyle that is not conducive to family life.
• Ineffective lines of communication within the family
• A history of being abused sexually, physically, or emotionally
• BPD is more prevalent among females and people who have been hospitalized for psychiatric care, both of which are risk factors.

Symptoms

The following are examples of BPD symptoms:

• Problems with one's own sense of identity, as well as frequent shifts in one's interests and values
• A thinking style that is extremely binary, in which people and circumstances are viewed as being entirely positive or entirely negative.
• An intense fear of being abandoned, as well as an intolerance for spending time alone oneself
• Feelings of emptiness and boredom that occur frequently
• Expressions of rage that are not warranted
• Impertinence, including the use of substances or involvement in sexual relationships
• Crisis after crisis and repeated acts of self-harm, such as cutting or overdosing on medication.

Diagnosis

Typically, a psychological examination is used to diagnose BPD. This evaluation takes into account the patient's medical history as well as the severity of their symptoms.

Treatment

Individual talk therapy and group therapy are both possible modes of treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD).

Medications

Medication may be used to treat comorbid illnesses such as depression or mood swings.

Prognosis

The prognosis for people who have borderline personality disorder (BPD) is generally optimistic with long-term treatment; however, this depends on the severity of the individual's disease as well as their desire to accept care.

Complications

Complications of borderline personality disorder can include mental health issues such as depression and substance addiction, difficulties at work, home, and in social settings, as well as attempts and successful terminations of one's own life.

Gallery

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  Borderline Personality Disorder
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  Dialectical Behavior Therapy Cycle
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  Salomé

References

1. American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition. (DSM-5).
2. National Institute of Mental Health. (2021). Borderline Personality Disorder.
3. National Alliance on Mental Illness. (2021). Borderline Personality Disorder.