Asplenia
Asplenia
Asplenia (/æˈspliːniə/; from Greek a- "not" + splēn "spleen") is a rare medical condition characterized by the absence of a spleen or its function.
Etymology
The term "Asplenia" is derived from the Greek words a- meaning "not" and splēn meaning "spleen". It is used to describe a condition where the spleen is either absent or not functioning properly.
Definition
Asplenia is a condition in which the spleen is absent, either congenitally or as a result of surgical removal (splenectomy). The spleen plays a crucial role in the body's immune response, and its absence can lead to an increased risk of certain infections.
Symptoms
Symptoms of asplenia can vary greatly depending on the individual and the cause of the condition. Some individuals may experience no symptoms, while others may have increased susceptibility to infections, particularly those caused by encapsulated bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of asplenia is typically made through physical examination and medical imaging, such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan. Blood tests may also be used to assess the function of the spleen.
Treatment
Treatment for asplenia typically involves measures to prevent infection, such as vaccination against certain bacteria and prophylactic antibiotics. In some cases, if the spleen has been removed due to disease or injury, a splenectomy may be performed.
Related Terms
- Splenectomy: Surgical removal of the spleen.
- Hyposplenism: A condition in which the spleen is not functioning optimally.
- Spleen: An organ involved in the body's immune response.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Asplenia
- Wikipedia's article - Asplenia
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