Splenic infarction

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Splenic infarction
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting
Complications	Splenic abscess, splenic rupture, sepsis
Onset	Sudden
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Embolism, thrombosis, sickle cell disease, trauma
Risks	Atrial fibrillation, endocarditis, hypercoagulable state
Diagnosis	CT scan, ultrasound, MRI
Differential diagnosis	Acute pancreatitis, pyelonephritis, gastroenteritis
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Pain management, anticoagulation, antibiotics
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Healed splenic infarcts

Splenic infarction with upward mark

Healed splenic infarct

Splenic Infarction is a condition that occurs when the spleen does not receive enough blood supply due to a blockage in the blood vessels. This can lead to tissue damage and death in the spleen, which can cause severe pain and other complications.

Causes

The most common cause of splenic infarction is a blood clot that blocks the blood supply to the spleen. Other causes can include infections, cancer, sickle cell anemia, and leukemia. Certain medical procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, can also increase the risk of splenic infarction.

Symptoms

The main symptom of splenic infarction is severe pain in the upper left part of the abdomen, which can sometimes spread to the left shoulder. Other symptoms can include fever, nausea, and vomiting. In some cases, splenic infarction can cause the spleen to rupture, which is a medical emergency.

Diagnosis

Splenic infarction is usually diagnosed with a computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These imaging tests can show areas of the spleen that are not receiving enough blood. Blood tests can also be used to check for conditions that can cause splenic infarction, such as sickle cell anemia or leukemia.

Treatment

Treatment for splenic infarction depends on the cause. If the infarction is caused by a blood clot, anticoagulant medications can be used to dissolve the clot and restore blood flow to the spleen. If the infarction is caused by an infection, antibiotics may be used. In severe cases, surgery may be needed to remove the damaged part of the spleen or the entire spleen.

See Also

• Spleen
• Blood clot
• Sickle cell anemia
• Leukemia
• Abdominal pain