Aluminium phosphide

• 
  Aluminium phosphide
• 
  Sphalerite unit cell

Aluminium Phosphide

Aluminium phosphide is a highly toxic inorganic compound with the chemical formula AlP. It is used as a fumigant pesticide to control pests in stored grain and as a rodenticide. Aluminium phosphide is a grey or yellowish crystalline solid that reacts with moisture to release phosphine gas, which is highly toxic.

Chemical Properties

Aluminium phosphide is composed of aluminium and phosphorus. It is a covalent compound that forms a crystalline structure. When exposed to moisture, it hydrolyzes to produce phosphine (PH_), a colorless, flammable, and highly toxic gas. The reaction can be represented as:

AlP + 3 H_O _ Al(OH)_ + PH_

This reaction is the basis for its use as a fumigant, as the phosphine gas is effective in killing pests.

Uses

Aluminium phosphide is primarily used as a fumigant for stored grains and other agricultural commodities. It is effective against a wide range of pests, including insects and rodents. The compound is typically applied in the form of tablets or pellets, which release phosphine gas upon exposure to atmospheric moisture.

In addition to its use in agriculture, aluminium phosphide is also used in the semiconductor industry for the preparation of certain types of semiconductors.

Safety and Toxicity

Aluminium phosphide is highly toxic to humans and animals. Exposure to phosphine gas can cause respiratory distress, pulmonary edema, and can be fatal. It is classified as a hazardous substance and must be handled with extreme care.

Symptoms of phosphine poisoning include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, exposure can lead to convulsions, coma, and death.

Handling and Storage

Due to its high toxicity, aluminium phosphide must be stored in airtight containers to prevent accidental exposure to moisture and the subsequent release of phosphine gas. It should be handled only by trained personnel using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).

Related Pages

• Phosphine
• Pesticide
• Rodenticide
• Toxicology