Algestone

Synthetic progestin

Algestone
INN
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CAS Number	595-77-7
PubChem	68943
DrugBank
ChemSpider	62156
KEGG	D02899

Algestone, also known as 16α,17α-dihydroxyprogesterone, is a synthetic progestin of the 17α-hydroxyprogesterone group. It is a derivative of progesterone and is used in hormonal contraception and hormone replacement therapy.

Chemical Structure

Chemical structure of Algestone

Algestone is characterized by its chemical structure as a 17α-hydroxyprogesterone derivative. The presence of hydroxyl groups at the 16α and 17α positions distinguishes it from other progestins. This modification enhances its progestogenic activity and influences its pharmacokinetic properties.

Pharmacology

Algestone acts primarily as a progestogen, binding to the progesterone receptor and exerting effects similar to those of natural progesterone. It is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle, maintenance of pregnancy, and development of the endometrium.

Mechanism of Action

The mechanism of action of algestone involves its interaction with the progesterone receptor, leading to changes in gene expression that result in the suppression of ovulation, thickening of the cervical mucus, and alteration of the endometrial lining, making it less suitable for implantation.

Clinical Use

Algestone is used in various hormonal therapies, including contraceptive formulations and hormone replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms. Its use is often combined with estrogens to enhance efficacy and reduce side effects.

Side Effects

Common side effects of algestone include nausea, headache, breast tenderness, and mood changes. Long-term use may be associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism and breast cancer.

Synthesis

The synthesis of algestone involves the chemical modification of progesterone, introducing hydroxyl groups at specific positions to enhance its progestogenic activity. This process requires precise control of reaction conditions to achieve the desired stereochemistry.

Related Compounds

Algestone is related to other synthetic progestins such as medroxyprogesterone acetate and norethisterone, which are also used in hormonal therapies. These compounds share a common mechanism of action but differ in their pharmacokinetic profiles and side effect profiles.

Related Pages

• Progestin
• Hormonal contraception
• Hormone replacement therapy
• Progesterone