Mycoplasma hominis infection

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Mycoplasma hominis infection
Micrograph of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, a condition that can be associated with Mycoplasma hominis infection.
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Fever, pelvic pain, dysuria, vaginal discharge
Complications	Pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, neonatal infections
Onset	Variable
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Mycoplasma hominis
Risks	Sexual activity, immunosuppression
Diagnosis	PCR, culture
Differential diagnosis	Bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infection, chlamydia infection
Prevention	Safe sex, barrier contraception
Treatment	Antibiotics such as clindamycin, doxycycline
Medication	Clindamycin, doxycycline
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Common in sexually active individuals
Deaths	N/A

Mycoplasma hominis infection

Mycoplasma hominis infection is a type of bacterial infection caused by the Mycoplasma hominis bacterium. This bacterium is part of the Mycoplasma genus, a group of bacteria that lack a cell wall and are therefore resistant to many common antibiotics.

Overview

Mycoplasma hominis is a common inhabitant of the human urogenital tract, and is often found in sexually active adults. However, it can also cause infection, particularly in individuals with weakened immune systems. The bacterium is associated with various diseases, including pelvic inflammatory disease, bacterial vaginosis, and urethritis. It can also cause systemic infections, such as septicemia and meningitis, particularly in newborns and immunocompromised individuals.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a Mycoplasma hominis infection can vary widely, depending on the site of the infection. In the urogenital tract, symptoms can include pain, inflammation, and discharge. In systemic infections, symptoms can include fever, fatigue, and general malaise.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Mycoplasma hominis infection is typically made through a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory testing. The bacterium can be identified through culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing.

Treatment

Treatment of Mycoplasma hominis infection typically involves antibiotics. However, because the bacterium lacks a cell wall, many common antibiotics, such as penicillin, are ineffective. Instead, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides are often used.

Prevention

Prevention of Mycoplasma hominis infection primarily involves practicing safe sex, as the bacterium is often transmitted through sexual contact. Regular screening for sexually transmitted infections can also help to identify and treat infections early.

See also

• Mycoplasma
• Mycoplasma genitalium
• Ureaplasma urealyticum
• Sexually transmitted infection

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