Fungal pneumonia: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Fungal pneumonia | |||
| image = [[File:Pulmonary_aspergillosis.jpg|left|thumb|Pulmonary aspergillosis]] | |||
| caption = CT scan showing pulmonary aspergillosis | |||
| field = [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Cough]], [[fever]], [[chest pain]], [[shortness of breath]] | |||
| complications = [[Respiratory failure]], [[sepsis]] | |||
| onset = Gradual | |||
| duration = Varies | |||
| causes = [[Fungal infection]] by species such as ''[[Aspergillus]]'', ''[[Histoplasma]]'', ''[[Coccidioides]]'', ''[[Blastomyces]]'' | |||
| risks = [[Immunocompromised]] state, [[HIV/AIDS]], [[chemotherapy]], [[organ transplant]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Chest X-ray]], [[CT scan]], [[sputum culture]], [[bronchoscopy]] | |||
| differential = [[Bacterial pneumonia]], [[viral pneumonia]], [[tuberculosis]] | |||
| prevention = Avoidance of exposure in high-risk areas, [[prophylactic antifungal medication]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antifungal medication]] such as [[voriconazole]], [[amphotericin B]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on underlying health and timeliness of treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare in healthy individuals, more common in immunocompromised | |||
}} | |||
{{Short description|An overview of fungal pneumonia, focusing on pulmonary aspergillosis}} | {{Short description|An overview of fungal pneumonia, focusing on pulmonary aspergillosis}} | ||
Fungal pneumonia is an infectious disease of the lungs caused by fungi. It is a type of [[pneumonia]] that occurs when fungal spores are inhaled and infect the lung tissue. This condition is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with [[HIV/AIDS]], [[cancer]], or those taking immunosuppressive medications. | Fungal pneumonia is an infectious disease of the lungs caused by fungi. It is a type of [[pneumonia]] that occurs when fungal spores are inhaled and infect the lung tissue. This condition is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with [[HIV/AIDS]], [[cancer]], or those taking immunosuppressive medications. | ||
=== Causes === | === Causes === | ||
Fungal pneumonia can be caused by various types of fungi. The most common fungi that cause pneumonia include: | Fungal pneumonia can be caused by various types of fungi. The most common fungi that cause pneumonia include: | ||
* ''[[Aspergillus]]'' species, leading to [[pulmonary aspergillosis]] | * ''[[Aspergillus]]'' species, leading to [[pulmonary aspergillosis]] | ||
* ''[[Histoplasma capsulatum]]'', causing [[histoplasmosis]] | * ''[[Histoplasma capsulatum]]'', causing [[histoplasmosis]] | ||
* ''[[Coccidioides immitis]]'', responsible for [[coccidioidomycosis]] | * ''[[Coccidioides immitis]]'', responsible for [[coccidioidomycosis]] | ||
* ''[[Cryptococcus neoformans]]'', leading to [[cryptococcosis]] | * ''[[Cryptococcus neoformans]]'', leading to [[cryptococcosis]] | ||
=== Symptoms === | === Symptoms === | ||
The symptoms of fungal pneumonia can vary depending on the specific fungus involved but often include: | The symptoms of fungal pneumonia can vary depending on the specific fungus involved but often include: | ||
* [[Cough]] | * [[Cough]] | ||
* [[Fever]] | * [[Fever]] | ||
| Line 21: | Line 33: | ||
* [[Shortness of breath]] | * [[Shortness of breath]] | ||
* [[Fatigue]] | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
=== Diagnosis === | === Diagnosis === | ||
Diagnosis of fungal pneumonia typically involves a combination of: | Diagnosis of fungal pneumonia typically involves a combination of: | ||
* [[Chest X-ray]] or [[CT scan]] to identify lung abnormalities | * [[Chest X-ray]] or [[CT scan]] to identify lung abnormalities | ||
* [[Sputum culture]] or [[bronchoalveolar lavage]] to identify the fungal organism | * [[Sputum culture]] or [[bronchoalveolar lavage]] to identify the fungal organism | ||
* [[Blood tests]] to detect fungal antigens or antibodies | * [[Blood tests]] to detect fungal antigens or antibodies | ||
=== Treatment === | === Treatment === | ||
Treatment of fungal pneumonia depends on the specific fungus causing the infection. Common treatments include: | Treatment of fungal pneumonia depends on the specific fungus causing the infection. Common treatments include: | ||
* [[Antifungal medications]] such as [[amphotericin B]], [[itraconazole]], or [[voriconazole]] | * [[Antifungal medications]] such as [[amphotericin B]], [[itraconazole]], or [[voriconazole]] | ||
* Supportive care, including [[oxygen therapy]] and [[mechanical ventilation]] if necessary | * Supportive care, including [[oxygen therapy]] and [[mechanical ventilation]] if necessary | ||
== Pulmonary Aspergillosis == | == Pulmonary Aspergillosis == | ||
Pulmonary aspergillosis is a type of fungal pneumonia caused by the ''Aspergillus'' species, most commonly ''[[Aspergillus fumigatus]]''. It can manifest in several forms, including: | Pulmonary aspergillosis is a type of fungal pneumonia caused by the ''Aspergillus'' species, most commonly ''[[Aspergillus fumigatus]]''. It can manifest in several forms, including: | ||
* [[Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]] (ABPA) | * [[Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]] (ABPA) | ||
* [[Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis]] | * [[Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis]] | ||
* [[Invasive aspergillosis]] | * [[Invasive aspergillosis]] | ||
=== Risk Factors === | === Risk Factors === | ||
Individuals at higher risk for pulmonary aspergillosis include those with: | Individuals at higher risk for pulmonary aspergillosis include those with: | ||
* [[Chronic lung disease]] | * [[Chronic lung disease]] | ||
* [[Immunocompromised]] status | * [[Immunocompromised]] status | ||
* [[Corticosteroid]] use | * [[Corticosteroid]] use | ||
=== Clinical Presentation === | === Clinical Presentation === | ||
Symptoms of pulmonary aspergillosis can include: | Symptoms of pulmonary aspergillosis can include: | ||
* Persistent cough | * Persistent cough | ||
* Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) | * Hemoptysis (coughing up blood) | ||
* Worsening asthma symptoms in ABPA | * Worsening asthma symptoms in ABPA | ||
=== Management === | === Management === | ||
Management of pulmonary aspergillosis involves: | Management of pulmonary aspergillosis involves: | ||
* Antifungal therapy, often with [[voriconazole]] or [[amphotericin B]] | * Antifungal therapy, often with [[voriconazole]] or [[amphotericin B]] | ||
* Surgical intervention in cases of aspergilloma | * Surgical intervention in cases of aspergilloma | ||
* Corticosteroids for ABPA | * Corticosteroids for ABPA | ||
== See also == | |||
== | |||
* [[Pneumonia]] | * [[Pneumonia]] | ||
* [[Aspergillosis]] | * [[Aspergillosis]] | ||
| Line 69: | Line 68: | ||
* [[Coccidioidomycosis]] | * [[Coccidioidomycosis]] | ||
* [[Cryptococcosis]] | * [[Cryptococcosis]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Pulmonology]] | [[Category:Pulmonology]] | ||
[[Category:Fungal diseases]] | [[Category:Fungal diseases]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:38, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Fungal pneumonia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Cough, fever, chest pain, shortness of breath |
| Complications | Respiratory failure, sepsis |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Varies |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Fungal infection by species such as Aspergillus, Histoplasma, Coccidioides, Blastomyces |
| Risks | Immunocompromised state, HIV/AIDS, chemotherapy, organ transplant |
| Diagnosis | Chest X-ray, CT scan, sputum culture, bronchoscopy |
| Differential diagnosis | Bacterial pneumonia, viral pneumonia, tuberculosis |
| Prevention | Avoidance of exposure in high-risk areas, prophylactic antifungal medication |
| Treatment | Antifungal medication such as voriconazole, amphotericin B |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on underlying health and timeliness of treatment |
| Frequency | Rare in healthy individuals, more common in immunocompromised |
| Deaths | N/A |
An overview of fungal pneumonia, focusing on pulmonary aspergillosis
Fungal pneumonia is an infectious disease of the lungs caused by fungi. It is a type of pneumonia that occurs when fungal spores are inhaled and infect the lung tissue. This condition is more common in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or those taking immunosuppressive medications.
Causes[edit]
Fungal pneumonia can be caused by various types of fungi. The most common fungi that cause pneumonia include:
- Aspergillus species, leading to pulmonary aspergillosis
- Histoplasma capsulatum, causing histoplasmosis
- Coccidioides immitis, responsible for coccidioidomycosis
- Cryptococcus neoformans, leading to cryptococcosis
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of fungal pneumonia can vary depending on the specific fungus involved but often include:
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of fungal pneumonia typically involves a combination of:
- Chest X-ray or CT scan to identify lung abnormalities
- Sputum culture or bronchoalveolar lavage to identify the fungal organism
- Blood tests to detect fungal antigens or antibodies
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of fungal pneumonia depends on the specific fungus causing the infection. Common treatments include:
- Antifungal medications such as amphotericin B, itraconazole, or voriconazole
- Supportive care, including oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation if necessary
Pulmonary Aspergillosis[edit]
Pulmonary aspergillosis is a type of fungal pneumonia caused by the Aspergillus species, most commonly Aspergillus fumigatus. It can manifest in several forms, including:
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA)
- Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis
- Invasive aspergillosis
Risk Factors[edit]
Individuals at higher risk for pulmonary aspergillosis include those with:
- Chronic lung disease
- Immunocompromised status
- Corticosteroid use
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Symptoms of pulmonary aspergillosis can include:
- Persistent cough
- Hemoptysis (coughing up blood)
- Worsening asthma symptoms in ABPA
Management[edit]
Management of pulmonary aspergillosis involves:
- Antifungal therapy, often with voriconazole or amphotericin B
- Surgical intervention in cases of aspergilloma
- Corticosteroids for ABPA
