Amblyopia: Difference between revisions
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{{SI}}<br> | |||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Amblyopia | |||
| image = [[File:Child_eyepatch.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = A child wearing an [[eye patch]] to treat amblyopia | |||
| synonyms = Lazy eye | |||
| pronunciation = {{IPAc-en|æ|m|b|l|i|ˈ|oʊ|p|i|ə}} | |||
| specialty = [[Ophthalmology]] | |||
| symptoms = Poor vision in one eye | |||
| onset = Early childhood | |||
| duration = Long term | |||
| causes = [[Strabismus]], [[refractive error]], [[cataract]] | |||
| risks = Family history, premature birth | |||
| diagnosis = [[Eye examination]] | |||
| differential = [[Refractive error]], [[strabismus]] | |||
| prevention = Early detection and treatment | |||
| treatment = [[Corrective lenses]], [[eye patching]], [[atropine]] drops | |||
| prognosis = Good with early treatment | |||
| frequency = 1-5% of the population | |||
}} | |||
'''Amblyopia''', commonly referred to as '''lazy eye''', represents the most frequent cause of vision impairment in children. It is a medical condition in which the brain and one eye fail to work together effectively, despite the eye appearing normal. This results in diminished vision in the affected eye as the brain favors the other eye. | '''Amblyopia''', commonly referred to as '''lazy eye''', represents the most frequent cause of vision impairment in children. It is a medical condition in which the brain and one eye fail to work together effectively, despite the eye appearing normal. This results in diminished vision in the affected eye as the brain favors the other eye. | ||
[[File:One lazy eye.jpg|One lazy eye|thumb]] | [[File:One lazy eye.jpg|One lazy eye|thumb]] | ||
[[File:Lazyeye.jpg|thumb|Lazyeye]] | [[File:Lazyeye.jpg|thumb|Lazyeye]] | ||
== Causes of Amblyopia == | == Causes of Amblyopia == | ||
Amblyopia is typically brought about by conditions such as: | Amblyopia is typically brought about by conditions such as: | ||
* '''[[Strabismus]]''': A condition where the eyes do not align correctly, with one or both eyes turning inward, outward, upward, or downward. | * '''[[Strabismus]]''': A condition where the eyes do not align correctly, with one or both eyes turning inward, outward, upward, or downward. | ||
* '''Refractive Anisometropia''': This is when there's a significant difference in the refractive errors of the two eyes, leading to one eye being more nearsighted (myopia), farsighted, or having more astigmatism than the other. | * '''Refractive Anisometropia''': This is when there's a significant difference in the refractive errors of the two eyes, leading to one eye being more nearsighted (myopia), farsighted, or having more astigmatism than the other. | ||
* '''Other Eye Conditions''': Less frequently, conditions such as cataract (a clouding of the eye's lens) can cause amblyopia. | * '''Other Eye Conditions''': Less frequently, conditions such as cataract (a clouding of the eye's lens) can cause amblyopia. | ||
== Diagnosis and Treatment == | == Diagnosis and Treatment == | ||
Early detection and treatment of amblyopia are crucial for successful outcomes, as the condition typically persists into adulthood if left untreated during childhood. Screening for amblyopia is a routine part of pediatric eye exams. | Early detection and treatment of amblyopia are crucial for successful outcomes, as the condition typically persists into adulthood if left untreated during childhood. Screening for amblyopia is a routine part of pediatric eye exams. | ||
Treatment strategies aim to stimulate the affected eye and encourage the brain to utilize it. This can be achieved by: | Treatment strategies aim to stimulate the affected eye and encourage the brain to utilize it. This can be achieved by: | ||
* '''Corrective Eyewear''': Glasses or contact lenses may be used to correct refractive errors. | * '''Corrective Eyewear''': Glasses or contact lenses may be used to correct refractive errors. | ||
* '''Patching''': Covering the stronger eye with a patch to force the brain to rely on the weaker one. | * '''Patching''': Covering the stronger eye with a patch to force the brain to rely on the weaker one. | ||
* '''Pharmacological Therapy''': Atropine eye drops may be used to blur the vision in the stronger eye, encouraging use of the weaker one. | * '''Pharmacological Therapy''': Atropine eye drops may be used to blur the vision in the stronger eye, encouraging use of the weaker one. | ||
== Epidemiology == | == Epidemiology == | ||
Amblyopia affects approximately 2%–3% of the population, making it a prevalent cause of monocular vision impairment among children and adults in their young and middle ages. | |||
Amblyopia affects approximately 2% | |||
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] | [[Category:Ophthalmology]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:48, 4 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Amblyopia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Lazy eye |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Ophthalmology |
| Symptoms | Poor vision in one eye |
| Complications | N/A |
| Onset | Early childhood |
| Duration | Long term |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Strabismus, refractive error, cataract |
| Risks | Family history, premature birth |
| Diagnosis | Eye examination |
| Differential diagnosis | Refractive error, strabismus |
| Prevention | Early detection and treatment |
| Treatment | Corrective lenses, eye patching, atropine drops |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Good with early treatment |
| Frequency | 1-5% of the population |
| Deaths | N/A |
Amblyopia, commonly referred to as lazy eye, represents the most frequent cause of vision impairment in children. It is a medical condition in which the brain and one eye fail to work together effectively, despite the eye appearing normal. This results in diminished vision in the affected eye as the brain favors the other eye.
Causes of Amblyopia[edit]
Amblyopia is typically brought about by conditions such as:
- Strabismus: A condition where the eyes do not align correctly, with one or both eyes turning inward, outward, upward, or downward.
- Refractive Anisometropia: This is when there's a significant difference in the refractive errors of the two eyes, leading to one eye being more nearsighted (myopia), farsighted, or having more astigmatism than the other.
- Other Eye Conditions: Less frequently, conditions such as cataract (a clouding of the eye's lens) can cause amblyopia.
Diagnosis and Treatment[edit]
Early detection and treatment of amblyopia are crucial for successful outcomes, as the condition typically persists into adulthood if left untreated during childhood. Screening for amblyopia is a routine part of pediatric eye exams. Treatment strategies aim to stimulate the affected eye and encourage the brain to utilize it. This can be achieved by:
- Corrective Eyewear: Glasses or contact lenses may be used to correct refractive errors.
- Patching: Covering the stronger eye with a patch to force the brain to rely on the weaker one.
- Pharmacological Therapy: Atropine eye drops may be used to blur the vision in the stronger eye, encouraging use of the weaker one.
Epidemiology[edit]
Amblyopia affects approximately 2%–3% of the population, making it a prevalent cause of monocular vision impairment among children and adults in their young and middle ages.
Topics in Ophthalmology[edit]
- Macular degeneration (AMD)
- Amblyopia
- Anophthalmia and * Microphthalmia
- Astigmatism
- Blepharitis
- Cataract
- Color blindness
- Cornea and Corneal disease
- Diabetic retinopathy
- Dry eye
- Floaters
- Glaucoma
- Hyperopia
- Intracranial hypertension
- Low vision
- Macular edema
- Myopia
- Pink Eye or Conjunctivitis
- Presbyopia
- Refractive errors
- Retinal detachment
- Retinitis pigmentosa
- Retinoblastoma
- Retinopathy of prematurity
- Uveitis
- Vitreous detachment
