Microphthalmia
Microphthalmia (pronounced: my-krof-thal-mee-uh) is a medical condition characterized by abnormally small eyes. It is a developmental disorder that can occur in various species, including humans.
Etymology
The term "Microphthalmia" is derived from the Greek words "micros" meaning small, and "ophthalmos" meaning eye.
Definition
Microphthalmia is a congenital condition where one or both eyes are abnormally small. In severe cases, the eye may appear to be completely missing. This condition can occur in isolation or as part of a syndrome.
Causes
Microphthalmia can be caused by genetic mutations or by environmental factors during pregnancy, such as exposure to certain drugs, chemicals, or infections. Some of the known genetic causes include mutations in the SOX2, OTX2, and PAX6 genes.
Symptoms
The primary symptom of Microphthalmia is the noticeably smaller size of one or both eyes. This can be accompanied by other eye abnormalities such as cataract, glaucoma, or retinal detachment.
Treatment
Treatment for Microphthalmia depends on the severity of the condition and the presence of other eye abnormalities. It may include the use of prosthetic eyes for cosmetic purposes and surgeries to correct other eye defects.
Related Terms
- Anophthalmia: A condition where the eye is completely missing.
- Coloboma: A condition where parts of the eye are missing.
- Nanophthalmos: A condition where the eye is small, but otherwise normal.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Microphthalmia
- Wikipedia's article - Microphthalmia
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