Sodium pyruvate: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:05, 15 February 2025

Overview[edit]

Sodium pyruvate is the sodium salt of pyruvic acid, an important intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell. It plays a crucial role in cellular respiration, particularly in the glycolysis and citric acid cycle pathways.

Chemical Structure[edit]

Sodium pyruvate is represented by the chemical formula C_H_NaO_. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. The compound consists of a pyruvate ion paired with a sodium ion.

Biological Role[edit]

In the context of cellular metabolism, sodium pyruvate serves as a key intermediate. It is produced during glycolysis, where glucose is broken down to generate energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Pyruvate can then enter the mitochondria to be further oxidized in the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle.

Glycolysis[edit]

During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and results in a net gain of two ATP molecules and two NADH molecules.

Citric Acid Cycle[edit]

In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is transported into the mitochondria, where it is converted into acetyl-CoA. This acetyl-CoA then enters the citric acid cycle, leading to the production of additional ATP, NADH, and FADH_.

Clinical Applications[edit]

Sodium pyruvate is used in various clinical and laboratory settings. It is often added to cell culture media as an energy source, supporting the growth and maintenance of cells in vitro. Additionally, sodium pyruvate has been studied for its potential protective effects against oxidative stress and its role in enhancing cellular energy metabolism.

Related Compounds[edit]

Sodium pyruvate is closely related to other metabolic intermediates such as lactate, acetyl-CoA, and oxaloacetate. These compounds are interconnected through various metabolic pathways, including gluconeogenesis and the citric acid cycle.

Related Pages[edit]

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-'''Sodium Pyruvate''' is a [[salt]] form of [[pyruvic acid]], a key intermediate in the [[glycolysis|glycolytic pathway]]. It is often used in cell culture media as an energy source for cells, as it can easily enter the cell and participate in the production of [[adenosine triphosphate|ATP]], the cell's main energy currency.
+{{DISPLAYTITLE:Sodium Pyruvate}}
-==Chemical Structure==
+== Overview ==
-Sodium pyruvate is composed of a pyruvate ion, which is a three-carbon molecule with a carboxylate and a ketone functional group, and a sodium ion. The sodium ion is positively charged, while the pyruvate ion is negatively charged, leading to an ionic bond between the two.
+[[File:Sodium_pyruvate.png|thumb|right|Sodium Pyruvate]]
+'''Sodium pyruvate''' is the sodium salt of [[pyruvic acid]], an important intermediate in several metabolic pathways throughout the cell. It plays a crucial role in cellular respiration, particularly in the [[glycolysis]] and [[citric acid cycle]] pathways.
-==Biological Role==
+== Chemical Structure ==
-In the body, sodium pyruvate can be converted into [[lactic acid]] in a process called [[anaerobic respiration]], or it can enter the [[mitochondria]] to be further broken down in the [[citric acid cycle]] to produce ATP. This makes it a crucial compound in the body's energy metabolism.
+Sodium pyruvate is represented by the chemical formula C_H_NaO_. It is a white, crystalline solid that is highly soluble in water. The compound consists of a pyruvate ion paired with a sodium ion.
-==Uses==
+== Biological Role ==
-In addition to its role in energy metabolism, sodium pyruvate is also used in the laboratory setting. It is often added to cell culture media as an additional energy source for cells. It can also be used in research studies to investigate the effects of pyruvate on various cellular processes, such as cell growth and differentiation.
+In the context of [[cellular metabolism]], sodium pyruvate serves as a key intermediate. It is produced during glycolysis, where [[glucose]] is broken down to generate energy in the form of [[adenosine triphosphate]] (ATP). Pyruvate can then enter the mitochondria to be further oxidized in the citric acid cycle, also known as the [[Krebs cycle]].
-==Safety==
+=== Glycolysis ===
-Sodium pyruvate is generally considered safe for use in the laboratory and in cell culture. However, as with any chemical, it should be handled with care to avoid skin and eye contact, and ingestion or inhalation.
+During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is converted into two molecules of pyruvate. This process occurs in the [[cytoplasm]] and results in a net gain of two ATP molecules and two [[nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide|NADH]] molecules.
-==See Also==
+=== Citric Acid Cycle ===
+In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is transported into the [[mitochondria]], where it is converted into [[acetyl-CoA]]. This acetyl-CoA then enters the citric acid cycle, leading to the production of additional ATP, NADH, and [[flavin adenine dinucleotide|FADH_]].
+== Clinical Applications ==
+Sodium pyruvate is used in various clinical and laboratory settings. It is often added to cell culture media as an energy source, supporting the growth and maintenance of cells in vitro. Additionally, sodium pyruvate has been studied for its potential protective effects against oxidative stress and its role in enhancing cellular energy metabolism.
+== Related Compounds ==
+Sodium pyruvate is closely related to other metabolic intermediates such as [[lactate]], [[acetyl-CoA]], and [[oxaloacetate]]. These compounds are interconnected through various metabolic pathways, including gluconeogenesis and the citric acid cycle.
+== Related Pages ==
 * [[Pyruvic acid]]
 * [[Glycolysis]]
 * [[Citric acid cycle]]
-* [[Cell culture]]
+* [[Cellular respiration]]
+* [[Metabolism]]
 [[Category:Biochemistry]]
-[[Category:Cell biology]]
+[[Category:Metabolism]]
-[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
+[[Category:Sodium compounds]]
-{{Biochem-stub}}