Urinary retention: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 12:40, 31 December 2024

Urinary Retention

Urinary retention is a medical condition characterized by the inability to empty the bladder completely. It can be acute or chronic and may result from a variety of causes, including obstruction, nerve problems, or medications.

Causes

Urinary retention can be caused by several factors, which can be broadly categorized into obstructive and non-obstructive causes.

Obstructive Causes

Non-Obstructive Causes

Neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, or stroke
Medications such as anticholinergics, antihistamines, and certain antidepressants
Infections such as urinary tract infection
Surgery affecting the pelvic region

Symptoms

The symptoms of urinary retention can vary depending on whether the condition is acute or chronic.

Acute Urinary Retention

Sudden inability to urinate
Severe pain in the lower abdomen
Urgent need to urinate
Swelling of the lower abdomen

Chronic Urinary Retention

Frequent urination
Difficulty starting urination
Weak urine stream
Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
Urinary incontinence

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of urinary retention involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.

Medical history and symptom review
Physical examination including a digital rectal exam for men
Bladder scan to measure post-void residual volume
Urodynamic tests to assess bladder function
Cystoscopy to visualize the urethra and bladder

Treatment

Treatment for urinary retention depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, catheterization, or surgery.

Medications

Alpha-blockers to relax the muscles of the bladder neck and prostate
5-alpha reductase inhibitors for BPH
Antibiotics for infections

Catheterization

Surgery

Complications

If left untreated, urinary retention can lead to serious complications such as:

Prevention

Preventive measures for urinary retention include:

Regular medical check-ups
Managing underlying conditions such as BPH
Avoiding medications that can cause urinary retention
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle

External Links

[American Urological Association](https://www.auanet.org)
[National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases](https://www.niddk.nih.gov)

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{short description|Inability to completely empty the bladder}}
+Urinary Retention
-{{Infobox medical condition (new)
-| name            = Urinary retention
-| synonyms        = Ischuria, bladder failure, bladder obstruction
-| image           = Harnverhalt.jpg
-| caption         = Urinary retention with greatly enlarged bladder as seen by [[CT scan]].
-| field           = [[Emergency medicine]], [[urology]]
-| symptoms        = '''Sudden onset''': Inability to urinate, low abdominal pain<ref name=NIH2014/><br>'''Long term''': Frequent urination, loss of bladder control, [[urinary tract infection]]<ref name=NIH2014/>
-| complications   =
-| onset           =
-| duration        =
-| types           = Acute, chronic<ref name=NIH2014/>
-| causes          = Blockage of the urethra, nerve problems, certain medications, weak bladder muscles<ref name=NIH2014/>
-| risks           =
-| diagnosis       = Amount of urine in the bladder post urination<ref name=NIH2014/>
-| differential    =
-| prevention      =
-| treatment       = [[urinary catheterization|Catheter]], [[urethral dilation]], [[urethral stents]], surgery<ref name=NIH2014/>
-| medication      = [[Alpha blockers]] such as [[terazosin]], [[5α-reductase inhibitors]] such as [[finasteride]]<ref name=NIH2014/>
-| prognosis       =
-| frequency       = 6 per 1,000 per year (males > 40 years old)<ref name=NIH2014/>
-| deaths          =
-}}
-Accumulation of urine within the bladder because of the inability to urinate. Urinary retention can be acute—a sudden inability to urinate, or chronic—a gradual inability to completely empty the bladder of urine.
+Urinary retention is a medical condition characterized by the inability to empty the bladder completely. It can be acute or chronic and may result from a variety of causes, including obstruction, nerve problems, or medications.
-Symptoms & Causes
+==Causes==
-The symptoms of urinary retention can range from severe abdominal pain and the inability to urinate, to few or no symptoms at all. Urinary retention results from either a blockage that partially or fully prevents the flow of urine, or your bladder not being able to maintain a strong enough force to expel all the urine.
+Urinary retention can be caused by several factors, which can be broadly categorized into obstructive and non-obstructive causes.
+===Obstructive Causes===
+* [[Benign prostatic hyperplasia]] (BPH)
+* [[Urethral stricture]]
+* [[Bladder stones]]
+* [[Tumors]] in the pelvic region
+* [[Constipation]]
+===Non-Obstructive Causes===
+* [[Neurological disorders]] such as [[multiple sclerosis]], [[spinal cord injury]], or [[stroke]]
+* [[Medications]] such as anticholinergics, antihistamines, and certain antidepressants
+* [[Infections]] such as [[urinary tract infection]]
+* [[Surgery]] affecting the pelvic region
+==Symptoms==
+The symptoms of urinary retention can vary depending on whether the condition is acute or chronic.
+===Acute Urinary Retention===
+* Sudden inability to urinate
+* Severe pain in the lower abdomen
+* Urgent need to urinate
+* Swelling of the lower abdomen
+===Chronic Urinary Retention===
+* Frequent urination
+* Difficulty starting urination
+* Weak urine stream
+* Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying
+* Urinary incontinence
 ==Diagnosis==
-Health care professionals use your medical history, a physical exam, and tests to help find the cause of urinary retention. Tests include postvoid residual urine measurement, lab tests, imaging tests, urodynamic tests, and cystoscopy.
+Diagnosis of urinary retention involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests.
+* [[Medical history]] and symptom review
+* [[Physical examination]] including a digital rectal exam for men
+* [[Bladder scan]] to measure post-void residual volume
+* [[Urodynamic tests]] to assess bladder function
+* [[Cystoscopy]] to visualize the urethra and bladder
 ==Treatment==
-Treatment for urinary retention depends on the type of urinary retention you have—either acute or chronic—and the cause of your urinary retention. Treatments for urinary retention may include draining the bladder, medicines, medical procedures or devices, surgery, and self-care treatments.
+Treatment for urinary retention depends on the underlying cause and may include medications, catheterization, or surgery.
+===Medications===
+* [[Alpha-blockers]] to relax the muscles of the bladder neck and prostate
+* [[5-alpha reductase inhibitors]] for BPH
+* [[Antibiotics]] for infections
+===Catheterization===
+* [[Intermittent catheterization]]
+* [[Indwelling catheter]]
+===Surgery===
+* [[Transurethral resection of the prostate]] (TURP)
+* [[Urethral dilation]]
+* [[Prostatectomy]]
+==Complications==
+If left untreated, urinary retention can lead to serious complications such as:
+* [[Bladder damage]]
+* [[Kidney damage]]
+* [[Urinary tract infections]]
+* [[Bladder stones]]
 ==Prevention==
-You can’t always prevent urinary retention, but by staying in tune with your body and bathroom habits, taking medicine as prescribed, strengthening your pelvic floor muscles, and making good dietary choices, you can help keep your bladder as healthy as possible
-== External links ==
+Preventive measures for urinary retention include:
-{{Medical resources
-|   ICD10       = {{ICD10|R|33||r|30}}
+* Regular medical check-ups
-|   ICD9        = {{ICD9|788.2}}
+* Managing underlying conditions such as BPH
-|   MeshID      = D016055
+* Avoiding medications that can cause urinary retention
-|   DiseasesDB  = 13582
+* Maintaining a healthy lifestyle
-}}
-{{Urinary system symptoms and signs}}
+==See Also==
-{{Authority control}}
+* [[Urinary incontinence]]
+* [[Benign prostatic hyperplasia]]
+* [[Urodynamics]]
+==External Links==
+* [American Urological Association](https://www.auanet.org)
+* [National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases](https://www.niddk.nih.gov)
+{{Medical conditions}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Urinary Retention}}
+[[Category:Urology]]
+[[Category:Medical conditions]]
 [[Category:Symptoms and signs: Urinary system]]
-[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
-[[Category:Acute pain]]
-{{stub}}

Medical Conditions
Cardiovascular diseases Heart attack Stroke Respiratory diseases Asthma COPD Infectious diseases COVID-19 Tuberculosis	Neurological disorders Alzheimer's disease Parkinson's disease Mental health disorders Depression Anxiety disorders Cancer Breast cancer Lung cancer
This medical conditions related article is a stub.