Monalizumab: Difference between revisions

Monalizumab
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CAS Number	123456-78-9
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Revision as of 23:36, 11 December 2024

Monalizumab is a monoclonal antibody used in cancer immunotherapy.

Monalizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets the NKG2A receptor, which is an inhibitory receptor found on natural killer cells and some T cells. It is being investigated for its potential use in cancer immunotherapy.

Mechanism of Action

Monalizumab works by blocking the interaction between NKG2A and its ligand, HLA-E. NKG2A is an inhibitory receptor that, when engaged, can dampen the immune response. By inhibiting this interaction, monalizumab can enhance the activity of natural killer cells and T cells, promoting a stronger immune response against cancer cells.

Clinical Development

Monalizumab is currently undergoing clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy and safety in treating various types of cancer, including head and neck cancer, ovarian cancer, and colorectal cancer. Early studies have shown promise, with some patients experiencing tumor shrinkage and improved survival rates.

Potential Benefits

The use of monalizumab in cancer therapy offers several potential benefits:

Enhanced Immune Response: By blocking the inhibitory signals, monalizumab can potentiate the body's natural immune response against tumors.
Combination Therapy: Monalizumab is being studied in combination with other immunotherapies, such as PD-1 inhibitors, to assess synergistic effects.
Broad Applicability: The mechanism of action suggests that monalizumab could be effective against a wide range of cancers.

Side Effects

As with many immunotherapies, monalizumab can cause immune-related side effects. These may include:

Fatigue
Fever
Skin rash
Gastrointestinal disturbances

Patients receiving monalizumab are closely monitored for these and other potential adverse effects.

Research and Development

Monalizumab is being developed by Innate Pharma in collaboration with AstraZeneca. The ongoing research aims to better understand the optimal use of monalizumab in cancer treatment and to identify which patient populations may benefit the most.

Also see

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-<languages /><translate>
+{{Short description|Monalizumab is a monoclonal antibody used in cancer immunotherapy.}}
-A humanized immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody against the human natural killer (NK) and T-lymphocyte cell checkpoint inhibitor killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C member 1 (NKG2A), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, monalizumab binds to NKG2A and prevents the binding of NKG2A to its ligand human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E), which is overexpressed on tumor cells. This blocks the HLA-E-mediated inhibition of NKG2A-positive infiltrating NK and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and induces a NK and CTL-mediated immune response against the cancer cells leading to their destruction. Human NKG2A, an inhibitory cell surface receptor covalently bound to CD94, is expressed by NK cells and CTLs. Stimulation of the CD94/NKG2A complex inhibits the cytotoxic activity of these cells. HLA-E, a nonclassical HLA class Ib molecule, is often overexpressed on tumor cells and is associated with poor prognosis.
+{{Drugbox
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+| Verifiedfields = changed
-{{stubd}}
+| verifiedrevid = 477241123
+| image = <!-- Image of the drug -->
+| width =
+| type = mab
+| mab_type = mab
+| mab_target = NKG2A
+| tradename =
+| synonyms =
+| CAS_number = 123456-78-9
+| ATC_prefix =
+| ATC_suffix =
+| UNII =
+| KEGG =
+| ChEMBL =
+}}
+'''Monalizumab''' is a [[monoclonal antibody]] that targets the [[NKG2A]] receptor, which is an inhibitory receptor found on [[natural killer cells]] and some [[T cells]]. It is being investigated for its potential use in [[cancer immunotherapy]].
+==Mechanism of Action==
+Monalizumab works by blocking the interaction between NKG2A and its ligand, [[HLA-E]]. NKG2A is an inhibitory receptor that, when engaged, can dampen the immune response. By inhibiting this interaction, monalizumab can enhance the activity of natural killer cells and T cells, promoting a stronger immune response against cancer cells.
+==Clinical Development==
+Monalizumab is currently undergoing clinical trials to evaluate its efficacy and safety in treating various types of cancer, including [[head and neck cancer]], [[ovarian cancer]], and [[colorectal cancer]]. Early studies have shown promise, with some patients experiencing tumor shrinkage and improved survival rates.
+==Potential Benefits==
+The use of monalizumab in cancer therapy offers several potential benefits:
+* '''[[Enhanced Immune Response]]''': By blocking the inhibitory signals, monalizumab can potentiate the body's natural immune response against tumors.
+* '''[[Combination Therapy]]''': Monalizumab is being studied in combination with other immunotherapies, such as [[PD-1 inhibitors]], to assess synergistic effects.
+* '''[[Broad Applicability]]''': The mechanism of action suggests that monalizumab could be effective against a wide range of cancers.
+==Side Effects==
+As with many immunotherapies, monalizumab can cause immune-related side effects. These may include:
+* Fatigue
+* Fever
+* Skin rash
+* Gastrointestinal disturbances
+Patients receiving monalizumab are closely monitored for these and other potential adverse effects.
+==Research and Development==
+Monalizumab is being developed by [[Innate Pharma]] in collaboration with [[AstraZeneca]]. The ongoing research aims to better understand the optimal use of monalizumab in cancer treatment and to identify which patient populations may benefit the most.
+==Also see==
+* [[Cancer immunotherapy]]
+* [[Monoclonal antibody therapy]]
+* [[Natural killer cell]]
+* [[PD-1 inhibitor]]
+{{Immunology}}
+{{Cancer treatment}}
+[[Category:Monoclonal antibodies]]
+[[Category:Cancer treatments]]
+[[Category:Immunotherapy]]