Nucleolin: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 20:41, 30 December 2024

Nucleolin (NCL) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCL gene. Nucleolin is a major nucleolar phosphoprotein that is associated with ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and is involved in the synthesis and maturation of ribosomes.

Function[edit]

Nucleolin plays a critical role in the nucleolus, where it is involved in the synthesis and maturation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the assembly of ribosomes. It is also implicated in various cellular processes such as chromatin remodeling, DNA replication, transcription, and cell cycle regulation. Nucleolin is known to interact with nucleic acids and various proteins, influencing gene expression and cell proliferation.

Structure[edit]

Nucleolin is a multi-domain protein that contains several RNA-binding domains and a glycine-rich domain. The protein is highly phosphorylated, which is important for its function in the nucleolus. The structure of nucleolin allows it to bind to rRNA and other nucleic acids, facilitating the processing and assembly of ribosomal subunits.

Clinical significance[edit]

Nucleolin has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer. It is often overexpressed in tumor cells and is associated with increased cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Nucleolin is considered a potential target for cancer therapy, and several therapeutic strategies are being explored to inhibit its function in cancer cells.

Interactions[edit]

Nucleolin interacts with a variety of proteins and nucleic acids. It binds to rRNA, mRNA, and DNA, and interacts with proteins involved in ribosome biogenesis, chromatin remodeling, and signal transduction. These interactions are crucial for its role in regulating gene expression and cell cycle progression.

References[edit]

External links[edit]

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-[[File:Protein_NCL_PDB_2fc8.png|thumb|Protein NCL PDB 2fc8]] '''Nucleolin'''
-[[File:Nucleolin_structure.png|thumb|Structure of Nucleolin]]
+{{Infobox protein
-'''Nucleolin''' is a multifunctional protein that is primarily located in the nucleolus of the cell. It plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including ribosome biogenesis, RNA metabolism, and cell proliferation. Nucleolin is known to interact with different nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules, making it a key player in the regulation of gene expression and cell growth.
+| name = Nucleolin
+| image = <!-- Image removed -->
+| caption = <!-- Image caption -->
+| symbol = NCL
+| alt_symbols = C23
+| EntrezGene = 4691
+| HGNCid = 7651
+| OMIM = 164035
+| RefSeq = NM_005381
+| UniProt = P19338
+| PDB = 1FJE
+}}
+'''Nucleolin''' (NCL) is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the '''NCL''' [[gene]]. Nucleolin is a major [[nucleolar]] [[phosphoprotein]] that is associated with [[ribosomal RNA]] (rRNA) and is involved in the synthesis and maturation of [[ribosomes]].
+== Function ==
+Nucleolin plays a critical role in the [[nucleolus]], where it is involved in the synthesis and maturation of [[ribosomal RNA]] (rRNA) and the assembly of [[ribosomes]]. It is also implicated in various cellular processes such as [[chromatin]] remodeling, [[DNA]] replication, [[transcription]], and [[cell cycle]] regulation. Nucleolin is known to interact with [[nucleic acids]] and various [[proteins]], influencing [[gene expression]] and [[cell proliferation]].
 == Structure ==
-Nucleolin is a large protein consisting of multiple domains, including RNA-binding domains, protein-binding domains, and nuclear localization signals. It has been shown to form complexes with various RNA molecules, such as ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA, as well as with other proteins involved in ribosome assembly and function.
+Nucleolin is a multi-domain protein that contains several [[RNA-binding domains]] and a [[glycine]]-rich domain. The protein is highly phosphorylated, which is important for its function in the nucleolus. The structure of nucleolin allows it to bind to [[rRNA]] and other nucleic acids, facilitating the processing and assembly of ribosomal subunits.
-== Function ==
-The primary function of nucleolin is to regulate ribosome biogenesis by interacting with ribosomal RNA and assisting in the assembly of ribosomal subunits. Additionally, nucleolin is involved in the processing and maturation of various types of RNA molecules, including ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, and small nuclear RNA. It also plays a role in the regulation of gene expression by modulating the activity of transcription factors and other regulatory proteins.
+== Clinical significance ==
-== Role in Disease ==
+Nucleolin has been implicated in various [[diseases]], including [[cancer]]. It is often overexpressed in [[tumor]] cells and is associated with increased [[cell proliferation]] and [[tumorigenesis]]. Nucleolin is considered a potential target for [[cancer therapy]], and several [[therapeutic]] strategies are being explored to inhibit its function in cancer cells.
-Abnormal expression or function of nucleolin has been associated with various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and viral infections. In cancer, nucleolin has been implicated in promoting cell proliferation and survival, making it a potential target for cancer therapy. Furthermore, nucleolin has been shown to interact with viral proteins and RNA, suggesting a role in viral replication and pathogenesis.
 == Interactions ==
-Nucleolin interacts with a wide range of proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules to carry out its diverse functions in the cell. Some of the key interaction partners of nucleolin include RNA polymerase I, nucleophosmin, and various transcription factors involved in ribosome biogenesis and gene expression regulation.
+Nucleolin interacts with a variety of proteins and nucleic acids. It binds to [[rRNA]], [[mRNA]], and [[DNA]], and interacts with proteins involved in [[ribosome biogenesis]], [[chromatin remodeling]], and [[signal transduction]]. These interactions are crucial for its role in regulating [[gene expression]] and [[cell cycle]] progression.
 == References ==
-{{food-stub}}
+<references/>
-[[Category:Proteins]]
-[[Category:Cell biology]]
+== External links ==
-[[Category:Molecular biology]]
+* {{PDB|1FJE}}
+* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/4691 Nucleolin gene information at NCBI]
+{{Protein-stub}}
+[[Category:Human proteins]]
+[[Category:Genes on human chromosome 2]]
+[[Category:RNA-binding proteins]]
+[[Category:Phosphoproteins]]
+[[Category:Oncology]]