Cefmetazole: Difference between revisions

Cefmetazole
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Revision as of 03:47, 13 February 2025

An article about the antibiotic Cefmetazole

Cefmetazole is a beta-lactam antibiotic belonging to the cephalosporin class. It is used primarily in the treatment of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative bacteria.

Mechanism of Action

Cefmetazole works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which leads to the interruption of cell wall synthesis and ultimately causes bacterial cell death. This mechanism is similar to other beta-lactam antibiotics.

Pharmacokinetics

Cefmetazole is administered via intravenous or intramuscular injection. It is well-distributed throughout the body and achieves therapeutic concentrations in various tissues and fluids. The drug is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine, making it effective for treating urinary tract infections.

Clinical Uses

Cefmetazole is indicated for the treatment of a variety of infections, including:

Side Effects

Common side effects of cefmetazole include:

Serious side effects, although rare, may include:

Resistance

Bacterial resistance to cefmetazole can occur through various mechanisms, such as the production of beta-lactamase enzymes that degrade the antibiotic. Resistance can also arise from alterations in PBPs or decreased permeability of the bacterial cell wall.

Related pages

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-'''Cefmetazole''' is a second-generation [[cephalosporin]] antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both [[Gram-positive bacteria|Gram-positive]] and [[Gram-negative bacteria|Gram-negative]] bacteria. It is particularly noted for its effectiveness against [[Enterobacteriaceae]], a family of bacteria that includes many pathogenic species responsible for various infections. Cefmetazole is administered intravenously and is commonly used in the treatment of infections in the lower respiratory tract, skin and skin structure infections, [[urinary tract infection]]s, and [[pelvic inflammatory disease]]. It is also used as a prophylactic agent in certain surgical procedures to prevent postoperative infections.
+{{Short description|An article about the antibiotic Cefmetazole}}
+{{Drugbox
+| verifiedfields = changed
+| verifiedrevid = 477002123
+| image = Cefmetazole.svg
+| image2 = <!-- Another image if available -->
+}}
+'''Cefmetazole''' is a [[beta-lactam antibiotic]] belonging to the [[cephalosporin]] class. It is used primarily in the treatment of [[bacterial infections]], particularly those caused by [[Gram-negative bacteria]].
 ==Mechanism of Action==
-Cefmetazole works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell lysis and death. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, interfering with the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis. Peptidoglycan is a critical component of the bacterial cell wall, and its disruption results in the weakening and eventual rupture of the cell wall, causing bacterial cell death.
+Cefmetazole works by inhibiting [[bacterial cell wall]] synthesis. It binds to [[penicillin-binding proteins]] (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, which leads to the interruption of cell wall synthesis and ultimately causes bacterial cell death. This mechanism is similar to other [[beta-lactam antibiotics]].
 ==Pharmacokinetics==
-After intravenous administration, cefmetazole is distributed widely throughout the body, including to the gallbladder, liver, and kidneys. It is able to penetrate into various body fluids, including bile, making it effective in treating infections in these areas. The drug is primarily excreted unchanged in the urine, and to a lesser extent in the bile.
+Cefmetazole is administered via [[intravenous]] or [[intramuscular]] injection. It is well-distributed throughout the body and achieves therapeutic concentrations in various tissues and fluids. The drug is primarily excreted unchanged in the [[urine]], making it effective for treating [[urinary tract infections]].
-==Indications==
+==Clinical Uses==
-Cefmetazole is indicated for the treatment of the following infections when caused by susceptible strains of bacteria:
+Cefmetazole is indicated for the treatment of a variety of infections, including:
-* Lower respiratory tract infections
+* [[Urinary tract infections]]
-* Skin and skin structure infections
+* [[Respiratory tract infections]]
-* Urinary tract infections
+* [[Skin and soft tissue infections]]
-* Pelvic inflammatory disease
+* [[Intra-abdominal infections]]
-* Intra-abdominal infections
-* Septicemia
-* Bone and joint infections
-It is also used as a prophylactic agent in certain surgical procedures, such as abdominal, gynecological, or orthopedic surgeries, to prevent postoperative infections.
+==Side Effects==
+Common side effects of cefmetazole include:
+* [[Nausea]]
+* [[Diarrhea]]
+* [[Rash]]
+* [[Allergic reactions]]
-==Adverse Effects==
+Serious side effects, although rare, may include:
-Common adverse effects of cefmetazole include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Allergic reactions, ranging from rash to anaphylaxis, have been reported but are rare. As with other cephalosporins, there is a potential for cross-reactivity in patients with a history of penicillin allergy.
+* [[Anaphylaxis]]
+* [[Clostridium difficile infection]]
+* [[Hematologic abnormalities]]
-==Contraindications==
+==Resistance==
-Cefmetazole is contraindicated in patients with a known allergy to cephalosporin antibiotics. Caution is advised in patients with a history of penicillin allergy due to the potential for cross-reactivity.
+Bacterial resistance to cefmetazole can occur through various mechanisms, such as the production of [[beta-lactamase]] enzymes that degrade the antibiotic. Resistance can also arise from alterations in PBPs or decreased permeability of the bacterial cell wall.
-==Drug Interactions==
+==Related pages==
-Cefmetazole may interact with other medications, such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, increasing the risk of nephrotoxicity. It may also interfere with certain types of lab tests, including Coombs' test.
+* [[Cephalosporin]]
+* [[Antibiotic resistance]]
+* [[Beta-lactam antibiotic]]
-==Conclusion==
-Cefmetazole is a valuable second-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Its ability to penetrate into various body fluids makes it effective in treating a wide range of infections. However, like all antibiotics, it should be used judiciously to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.
-[[Category:Antibiotics]]
 [[Category:Cephalosporin antibiotics]]
-[[Category:Second-generation cephalosporins]]
+[[Category:Beta-lactam antibiotics]]
-{{Medicine-stub}}