Mivacurium chloride: Difference between revisions
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'''Mivacurium chloride''' is a [[non-depolarizing | {{Short description|A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent}} | ||
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'''Mivacurium chloride''' is a [[non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drug]] or [[muscle relaxant]] used in [[anesthesia]] to facilitate [[endotracheal intubation]] and provide skeletal muscle relaxation during [[surgery]] or [[mechanical ventilation]]. | |||
==Pharmacology== | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Mivacurium | Mivacurium is a member of the [[benzylisoquinolinium]] class of neuromuscular blockers. It acts by competing with [[acetylcholine]] for binding to [[nicotinic receptors]] at the [[neuromuscular junction]], thereby inhibiting the action of acetylcholine and preventing [[muscle contraction]]. | ||
===Mechanism of Action=== | |||
Mivacurium binds to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the motor end plate, blocking the action of acetylcholine and leading to muscle relaxation. Unlike [[depolarizing neuromuscular blockers]] such as [[succinylcholine]], mivacurium does not cause an initial depolarization of the muscle membrane. | |||
===Metabolism=== | |||
Mivacurium is rapidly hydrolyzed by [[plasma cholinesterase]] into inactive metabolites. This rapid metabolism contributes to its short duration of action compared to other non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers. | |||
==Clinical Use== | |||
Mivacurium is primarily used to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide muscle relaxation during surgical procedures. It is administered intravenously and has a rapid onset and short duration of action, making it suitable for short surgical procedures. | |||
== | ===Dosage and Administration=== | ||
The dosage of mivacurium is typically calculated based on the patient's body weight. It is administered as an intravenous bolus or continuous infusion, depending on the clinical situation and the desired duration of muscle relaxation. | |||
==Side | ==Side Effects== | ||
Common side effects of mivacurium include [[hypotension]], [[flushing]], and [[bronchospasm]]. These effects are generally mild and transient. Rarely, patients may experience [[allergic reactions]] or prolonged neuromuscular blockade, especially in individuals with atypical plasma cholinesterase. | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
Mivacurium | Mivacurium is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. Caution is advised in patients with [[myasthenia gravis]] or other neuromuscular disorders, as they may be more sensitive to the effects of neuromuscular blockers. | ||
== | ==Related pages== | ||
* [[Neuromuscular-blocking drug]] | * [[Neuromuscular-blocking drug]] | ||
* [[Anesthesia]] | * [[Anesthesia]] | ||
* [[Endotracheal intubation]] | * [[Endotracheal intubation]] | ||
* [[Muscle relaxant]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Neuromuscular blockers]] | ||
[[Category:Anesthesia]] | [[Category:Anesthesia]] | ||
Latest revision as of 10:58, 15 February 2025
A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent
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Mivacurium chloride is a non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drug or muscle relaxant used in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.
Pharmacology[edit]
Mivacurium is a member of the benzylisoquinolinium class of neuromuscular blockers. It acts by competing with acetylcholine for binding to nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction, thereby inhibiting the action of acetylcholine and preventing muscle contraction.
Mechanism of Action[edit]
Mivacurium binds to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the motor end plate, blocking the action of acetylcholine and leading to muscle relaxation. Unlike depolarizing neuromuscular blockers such as succinylcholine, mivacurium does not cause an initial depolarization of the muscle membrane.
Metabolism[edit]
Mivacurium is rapidly hydrolyzed by plasma cholinesterase into inactive metabolites. This rapid metabolism contributes to its short duration of action compared to other non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers.
Clinical Use[edit]
Mivacurium is primarily used to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide muscle relaxation during surgical procedures. It is administered intravenously and has a rapid onset and short duration of action, making it suitable for short surgical procedures.
Dosage and Administration[edit]
The dosage of mivacurium is typically calculated based on the patient's body weight. It is administered as an intravenous bolus or continuous infusion, depending on the clinical situation and the desired duration of muscle relaxation.
Side Effects[edit]
Common side effects of mivacurium include hypotension, flushing, and bronchospasm. These effects are generally mild and transient. Rarely, patients may experience allergic reactions or prolonged neuromuscular blockade, especially in individuals with atypical plasma cholinesterase.
Contraindications[edit]
Mivacurium is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. Caution is advised in patients with myasthenia gravis or other neuromuscular disorders, as they may be more sensitive to the effects of neuromuscular blockers.
