Nicotinic receptors
Nicotinic Receptors
Nicotinic receptors (pronounced: ni-ko-tin-ik ri-ˈsep-tərs), also known as nAChRs (pronounced: en-ā-chā-är), are a type of protein that responds to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Nicotinic receptors are found in many parts of the body, including the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and the muscle tissue.
Etymology
The term "nicotinic" is derived from nicotine, the substance found in tobacco that binds to these receptors and stimulates them. The "receptor" part of the name refers to the function of these proteins as receivers of signals.
Types of Nicotinic Receptors
There are several types of nicotinic receptors, each with a different function and location in the body. These include:
- Alpha-7 receptor (α7): This receptor is found in the brain and has been linked to cognitive functions such as memory and attention.
- Alpha-4 beta-2 receptor (α4β2): This is the most common type of nicotinic receptor in the brain. It is involved in the rewarding effects of nicotine.
- Muscle-type receptor: This receptor is found in the muscle tissue and is responsible for muscle contraction.
Related Terms
- Acetylcholine: A neurotransmitter that binds to and activates nicotinic receptors.
- Neurotransmitter: A chemical substance that transmits nerve impulses across a synapse.
- Synapse: The junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nicotinic receptors
- Wikipedia's article - Nicotinic receptors
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