Desmoglein-3: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 21:16, 27 December 2024

Desmoglein-3 (DSG3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DSG3 gene. It is a member of the desmoglein subfamily of cadherins, which are calcium-binding transmembrane glycoproteins that play a critical role in the formation of desmosomes. Desmosomes are specialized cellular structures that facilitate cell-cell adhesion, providing mechanical strength to tissues.

Function[edit]

Desmoglein-3 is primarily expressed in the epidermis and mucous membranes. It is crucial for the maintenance of epithelial cell integrity and the structural cohesion of keratinocytes. The protein is involved in the formation of desmosomal junctions, which are essential for the proper functioning of stratified squamous epithelium.

Clinical significance[edit]

Mutations or autoantibodies against desmoglein-3 can lead to pemphigus vulgaris, an autoimmune disease characterized by blistering of the skin and mucous membranes. In this condition, the immune system mistakenly targets desmoglein-3, disrupting cell adhesion and causing epidermal cells to separate, leading to acantholysis.

Research[edit]

Studies have shown that desmoglein-3 is also involved in cell signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. It has been implicated in the progression of certain cancers, including squamous cell carcinoma.

References[edit]

External links[edit]

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-'''Desmoglein-3''' (DSG3) is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''DSG3'' [[gene]]. It is a member of the [[desmoglein]] protein subfamily, and part of the [[cadherin]] superfamily of proteins. DSG3 plays a crucial role in the formation and maintenance of [[desmosome]] structures, which are critical for cell adhesion and cohesion in [[epithelial]] tissues.
-==Structure==
+{{Infobox protein
-DSG3 is a [[transmembrane protein]] with a molecular weight of approximately 130 kDa. It consists of a large extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a smaller intracellular domain. The extracellular domain contains five cadherin repeats, which are involved in [[calcium]]-dependent cell adhesion.
+| name = Desmoglein-3
+| image = <!-- Image removed -->
+| caption = <!-- Caption removed -->
+| symbol = DSG3
+| gene = DSG3
+| chromosome = 18
+| arm = q
+| band = 12.1
+}}
-==Function==
+'''Desmoglein-3''' ('''DSG3''') is a protein that in humans is encoded by the [[DSG3 gene]]. It is a member of the [[desmoglein]] subfamily of [[cadherins]], which are [[calcium]]-binding [[transmembrane]] [[glycoproteins]] that play a critical role in the formation of [[desmosomes]]. Desmosomes are specialized [[cellular structures]] that facilitate cell-cell adhesion, providing mechanical strength to tissues.
-DSG3 is primarily expressed in the basal and immediate suprabasal layers of stratified squamous epithelia, such as the [[epidermis]], oral mucosa, and esophagus. It plays a key role in the formation and stabilization of desmosomes, which are intercellular junctions that provide mechanical strength to tissues. By mediating cell-cell adhesion, DSG3 contributes to the integrity and homeostasis of epithelial tissues.
-==Clinical significance==
+== Function ==
-Mutations in the ''DSG3'' gene, as well as autoantibodies against DSG3, are associated with certain autoimmune diseases, including [[pemphigus vulgaris]]. In this condition, the loss of adhesion between skin cells leads to the formation of blisters in the skin and mucous membranes.
+Desmoglein-3 is primarily expressed in the [[epidermis]] and [[mucous membranes]]. It is crucial for the maintenance of [[epithelial cell]] integrity and the structural cohesion of [[keratinocytes]]. The protein is involved in the formation of [[desmosomal junctions]], which are essential for the proper functioning of [[stratified squamous epithelium]].
-==Research==
+== Clinical significance ==
-Research into DSG3 has increased our understanding of cell adhesion mechanisms and the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris. It may also have implications for the development of new therapeutic strategies for this and other desmosome-related diseases.
+Mutations or autoantibodies against desmoglein-3 can lead to [[pemphigus vulgaris]], an [[autoimmune disease]] characterized by [[blistering]] of the skin and [[mucous membranes]]. In this condition, the immune system mistakenly targets desmoglein-3, disrupting cell adhesion and causing [[epidermal]] cells to separate, leading to [[acantholysis]].
-[[File:Desmoglein-3.png|thumb|right|Structure of Desmoglein-3]]
+== Research ==
+Studies have shown that desmoglein-3 is also involved in [[cell signaling]] pathways that regulate [[cell proliferation]] and [[differentiation]]. It has been implicated in the progression of certain [[cancers]], including [[squamous cell carcinoma]].
-==See also==
+== See also ==
 * [[Desmoglein]]
+* [[Desmosome]]
 * [[Pemphigus vulgaris]]
-* [[Cadherin]]
+* [[Autoimmune disease]]
-* [[Desmosome]]
-==References==
+== References ==
 <references />
+== External links ==
+* {{GeneReviews|DSG3}}
+* {{OMIM|169615}}
 [[Category:Proteins]]
-[[Category:Cell adhesion]]
+[[Category:Genes on human chromosome 18]]
+[[Category:Cell adhesion molecules]]
 [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]]
-[[Category:Genes]]
-{{medicine-stub}}