Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis: Difference between revisions
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[[ | {{SI}} | ||
{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis | |||
| image = [[File:Photographic_atlas_of_the_diseases_of_the_skin_a_series_of_ninety-six_plates,_comprising_nearly_two_hundred_illustrations,_with_descriptive_text,_and_a_treatise_on_cutaneous_therapeutics_(1905)_(14597583520).jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis | |||
| synonyms = Warty tuberculosis, Prosector's wart | |||
| specialty = [[Dermatology]], [[Infectious disease]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Wart]]-like lesions, [[skin]] [[ulcer]]s | |||
| complications = [[Secondary infection]] | |||
| onset = Gradual | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] | |||
| risks = [[Occupational exposure]] to [[tuberculosis]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Skin biopsy]], [[tuberculin skin test]] | |||
| differential = [[Verruca vulgaris]], [[cutaneous leishmaniasis]] | |||
| prevention = [[BCG vaccine]], [[protective clothing]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antitubercular therapy]] | |||
| medication = [[Isoniazid]], [[Rifampicin]], [[Ethambutol]], [[Pyrazinamide]] | |||
| prognosis = Good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis''' (TVC) is a form of [[cutaneous tuberculosis]] that occurs due to direct inoculation of [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] into the skin of a previously infected or sensitized individual. It is also known as [[warty tuberculosis]] or [[prosector's wart]]. | |||
==Clinical Presentation== | ==Clinical Presentation== | ||
Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis typically presents as a warty, verrucous lesion that is often found on the [[hands]], [[feet]], [[knees]], or [[elbows]]. The lesion is usually solitary and may have a purplish or brownish color. Over time, the lesion can become hyperkeratotic and may develop fissures. The condition is generally painless but can be itchy. | Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis typically presents as a warty, verrucous lesion that is often found on the [[hands]], [[feet]], [[knees]], or [[elbows]]. The lesion is usually solitary and may have a purplish or brownish color. Over time, the lesion can become hyperkeratotic and may develop fissures. The condition is generally painless but can be itchy. | ||
==Pathogenesis== | ==Pathogenesis== | ||
The disease occurs when [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] is introduced into the skin through minor trauma or abrasions. This usually happens in individuals who have been previously sensitized to the bacterium, either through a previous infection or [[BCG vaccination]]. The immune response in these individuals leads to the formation of a localized, warty lesion. | The disease occurs when [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]] is introduced into the skin through minor trauma or abrasions. This usually happens in individuals who have been previously sensitized to the bacterium, either through a previous infection or [[BCG vaccination]]. The immune response in these individuals leads to the formation of a localized, warty lesion. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is based on clinical presentation, histopathological examination, and microbiological studies. A skin biopsy typically shows granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis. [[Ziehl-Neelsen stain]] may reveal acid-fast bacilli. [[Polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR) and culture of the lesion can also be used to identify [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]. | Diagnosis of Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is based on clinical presentation, histopathological examination, and microbiological studies. A skin biopsy typically shows granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis. [[Ziehl-Neelsen stain]] may reveal acid-fast bacilli. [[Polymerase chain reaction]] (PCR) and culture of the lesion can also be used to identify [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
The treatment of Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis involves the use of standard anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). The regimen usually includes a combination of [[isoniazid]], [[rifampicin]], [[pyrazinamide]], and [[ethambutol]] for the initial two months, followed by isoniazid and rifampicin for an additional four months. The duration and specific drugs may vary based on the patient's overall health and response to treatment. | The treatment of Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis involves the use of standard anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). The regimen usually includes a combination of [[isoniazid]], [[rifampicin]], [[pyrazinamide]], and [[ethambutol]] for the initial two months, followed by isoniazid and rifampicin for an additional four months. The duration and specific drugs may vary based on the patient's overall health and response to treatment. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is generally good. The lesions typically resolve with minimal scarring. However, untreated or inadequately treated cases can lead to chronic infection and complications. | With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is generally good. The lesions typically resolve with minimal scarring. However, untreated or inadequately treated cases can lead to chronic infection and complications. | ||
==Prevention== | ==Prevention== | ||
Preventive measures include proper wound care and hygiene, especially in individuals at risk of exposure to [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]. [[BCG vaccination]] may provide some level of protection against cutaneous forms of tuberculosis. | Preventive measures include proper wound care and hygiene, especially in individuals at risk of exposure to [[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]. [[BCG vaccination]] may provide some level of protection against cutaneous forms of tuberculosis. | ||
==Epidemiology== | ==Epidemiology== | ||
Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is more common in regions with high prevalence of [[tuberculosis]]. It is often seen in healthcare workers, laboratory personnel, and individuals with frequent exposure to infected materials. | Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is more common in regions with high prevalence of [[tuberculosis]]. It is often seen in healthcare workers, laboratory personnel, and individuals with frequent exposure to infected materials. | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Cutaneous tuberculosis]] | * [[Cutaneous tuberculosis]] | ||
| Line 27: | Line 40: | ||
* [[BCG vaccine]] | * [[BCG vaccine]] | ||
* [[Granulomatous inflammation]] | * [[Granulomatous inflammation]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | [[Category:Dermatology]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious diseases]] | [[Category:Infectious diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Tuberculosis]] | [[Category:Tuberculosis]] | ||
{{Infectious-disease-stub}} | {{Infectious-disease-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:50, 8 April 2025
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| Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis | |
|---|---|
_(14597583520).jpg)
| |
| Synonyms | Warty tuberculosis, Prosector's wart |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Dermatology, Infectious disease |
| Symptoms | Wart-like lesions, skin ulcers |
| Complications | Secondary infection |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Risks | Occupational exposure to tuberculosis |
| Diagnosis | Skin biopsy, tuberculin skin test |
| Differential diagnosis | Verruca vulgaris, cutaneous leishmaniasis |
| Prevention | BCG vaccine, protective clothing |
| Treatment | Antitubercular therapy |
| Medication | Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide |
| Prognosis | Good with treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis (TVC) is a form of cutaneous tuberculosis that occurs due to direct inoculation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into the skin of a previously infected or sensitized individual. It is also known as warty tuberculosis or prosector's wart.
Clinical Presentation[edit]
Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis typically presents as a warty, verrucous lesion that is often found on the hands, feet, knees, or elbows. The lesion is usually solitary and may have a purplish or brownish color. Over time, the lesion can become hyperkeratotic and may develop fissures. The condition is generally painless but can be itchy.
Pathogenesis[edit]
The disease occurs when Mycobacterium tuberculosis is introduced into the skin through minor trauma or abrasions. This usually happens in individuals who have been previously sensitized to the bacterium, either through a previous infection or BCG vaccination. The immune response in these individuals leads to the formation of a localized, warty lesion.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is based on clinical presentation, histopathological examination, and microbiological studies. A skin biopsy typically shows granulomatous inflammation with caseation necrosis. Ziehl-Neelsen stain may reveal acid-fast bacilli. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture of the lesion can also be used to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Treatment[edit]
The treatment of Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis involves the use of standard anti-tubercular therapy (ATT). The regimen usually includes a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for the initial two months, followed by isoniazid and rifampicin for an additional four months. The duration and specific drugs may vary based on the patient's overall health and response to treatment.
Prognosis[edit]
With appropriate treatment, the prognosis for Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is generally good. The lesions typically resolve with minimal scarring. However, untreated or inadequately treated cases can lead to chronic infection and complications.
Prevention[edit]
Preventive measures include proper wound care and hygiene, especially in individuals at risk of exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. BCG vaccination may provide some level of protection against cutaneous forms of tuberculosis.
Epidemiology[edit]
Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis is more common in regions with high prevalence of tuberculosis. It is often seen in healthcare workers, laboratory personnel, and individuals with frequent exposure to infected materials.
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>
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