Occlusal trauma: Difference between revisions

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'''Occlusal trauma''' is a pathological condition involving the tissues that surround and support the teeth (the periodontium), resulting from excessive biting forces exerted by the teeth when they come together (occlude). These forces can be caused by either the presence of high spots on filled or crowned teeth, or the misalignment of teeth within the dental arch.
{{SI}}
 
{{Infobox medical condition
== Causes ==
| name                    = Occlusal trauma
The primary cause of occlusal trauma is the misalignment of the teeth, also known as [[malocclusion]]. This can occur due to a variety of reasons, including genetics, the premature loss of baby teeth, and habits such as thumb sucking. Other causes include the presence of high spots on filled or crowned teeth, which can create uneven pressure on the teeth and gums when biting or chewing.
| image                  = [[File:Periodontalboneloss.JPG|250px]]
 
| caption                = Periodontal bone loss associated with occlusal trauma
== Symptoms ==
| field                  = [[Dentistry]]
Symptoms of occlusal trauma can vary, but often include tooth sensitivity, tooth mobility, and discomfort or pain when biting or chewing. Other symptoms may include receding gums, the deepening of pockets around the teeth, and the loosening or loss of teeth.
| synonyms                =
 
| symptoms                = [[Tooth mobility]], [[tooth pain]], [[tooth wear]], [[periodontal disease]]
| complications          = [[Tooth loss]], [[periodontal bone loss]]
| onset                  =
| duration                =
| types                  = [[Primary occlusal trauma]], [[Secondary occlusal trauma]]
| causes                  = [[Malocclusion]], [[bruxism]], [[dental restorations]]
| risks                  =
| diagnosis              = [[Clinical examination]], [[dental radiographs]]
| differential            = [[Periodontitis]], [[pulpitis]]
| prevention              = [[Occlusal adjustment]], [[night guard]]
| treatment              = [[Occlusal adjustment]], [[orthodontic treatment]], [[restorative dentistry]]
| medication              = [[Analgesics]], [[anti-inflammatory drugs]]
| prognosis              =
| frequency              =
| deaths                  =
}}
{{Short description|An article about occlusal trauma in dentistry}}
'''Occlusal trauma''' refers to injury to the [[periodontium]] resulting from excessive [[occlusal force]]s. It is a significant factor in the progression of periodontal disease and can lead to [[tooth mobility]], [[tooth migration]], and [[periodontal bone loss]].
== Types of Occlusal Trauma ==
Occlusal trauma can be classified into two main types:
=== Primary Occlusal Trauma ===
Primary occlusal trauma occurs when excessive occlusal forces are applied to a tooth or teeth with normal periodontal support. This type of trauma is often seen in cases of [[bruxism]] or [[malocclusion]].
=== Secondary Occlusal Trauma ===
Secondary occlusal trauma occurs when normal or excessive occlusal forces are applied to a tooth or teeth with compromised periodontal support. This is commonly associated with [[periodontitis]], where the supporting structures of the teeth are already weakened.
== Clinical Features ==
The clinical features of occlusal trauma may include:
* Increased [[tooth mobility]]
* [[Tooth migration]]
* [[Fremitus]]
* [[Wear facets]] on the occlusal surfaces
* [[Pain]] or discomfort on biting
* [[Periodontal bone loss]]
== Diagnosis ==
== Diagnosis ==
Diagnosis of occlusal trauma is typically made through a combination of clinical examination and dental radiographs. The dentist may also use a special type of paper to identify high spots on the teeth.
Diagnosis of occlusal trauma involves a thorough clinical examination, including:
 
* Assessment of [[tooth mobility]]
== Treatment ==
* Evaluation of [[occlusal contacts]] using [[articulating paper]]
Treatment for occlusal trauma typically involves adjusting the bite to evenly distribute the forces exerted when the teeth come together. This can be achieved through a variety of methods, including reshaping the biting surfaces of the teeth, orthodontics, or the replacement of old fillings or crowns.
* Radiographic examination to assess [[periodontal bone loss]]
 
== Management ==
== Prevention ==
Management of occlusal trauma involves:
Prevention of occlusal trauma can be achieved through regular dental check-ups, which can identify early signs of the condition. Additionally, maintaining good oral hygiene and avoiding habits that can lead to malocclusion, such as thumb sucking, can also help prevent occlusal trauma.
* Occlusal adjustment to redistribute occlusal forces
 
* Use of [[occlusal splints]] to protect teeth from excessive forces
* Treatment of underlying periodontal disease
== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[Periodontal disease]]
* [[Periodontitis]]
* [[Bruxism]]
* [[Malocclusion]]
* [[Malocclusion]]
* [[Orthodontics]]
* [[Tooth mobility]]
 
[[Category:Dentistry]]
[[Category:Dental conditions]]
[[Category:Periodontology]]
[[Category:Oral pathology]]
{{dentistry-stub}}

Latest revision as of 05:59, 8 April 2025

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Occlusal trauma
Synonyms
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Tooth mobility, tooth pain, tooth wear, periodontal disease
Complications Tooth loss, periodontal bone loss
Onset
Duration
Types Primary occlusal trauma, Secondary occlusal trauma
Causes Malocclusion, bruxism, dental restorations
Risks
Diagnosis Clinical examination, dental radiographs
Differential diagnosis Periodontitis, pulpitis
Prevention Occlusal adjustment, night guard
Treatment Occlusal adjustment, orthodontic treatment, restorative dentistry
Medication Analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs
Prognosis
Frequency
Deaths


An article about occlusal trauma in dentistry


Occlusal trauma refers to injury to the periodontium resulting from excessive occlusal forces. It is a significant factor in the progression of periodontal disease and can lead to tooth mobility, tooth migration, and periodontal bone loss.

Types of Occlusal Trauma[edit]

Occlusal trauma can be classified into two main types:

Primary Occlusal Trauma[edit]

Primary occlusal trauma occurs when excessive occlusal forces are applied to a tooth or teeth with normal periodontal support. This type of trauma is often seen in cases of bruxism or malocclusion.

Secondary Occlusal Trauma[edit]

Secondary occlusal trauma occurs when normal or excessive occlusal forces are applied to a tooth or teeth with compromised periodontal support. This is commonly associated with periodontitis, where the supporting structures of the teeth are already weakened.

Clinical Features[edit]

The clinical features of occlusal trauma may include:

Diagnosis[edit]

Diagnosis of occlusal trauma involves a thorough clinical examination, including:

Management[edit]

Management of occlusal trauma involves:

  • Occlusal adjustment to redistribute occlusal forces
  • Use of occlusal splints to protect teeth from excessive forces
  • Treatment of underlying periodontal disease

See also[edit]

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