Visual field loss
Visual Field Loss
Visual field loss (pronunciation: /ˈvɪʒ.uː.əl fiːld lɔːs/) is a medical condition characterized by a decrease or absence of vision in a portion of the visual field. This condition can occur due to various eye diseases or neurological disorders.
Etymology
The term "visual field loss" is derived from the Latin words "visus" meaning sight, "field" referring to an area or expanse, and "loss" from the Old English "losian", meaning to lose.
Causes
Visual field loss can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:
- Glaucoma: This is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, which is crucial for good vision. This damage is often caused by an abnormally high pressure in the eye.
- Stroke: A stroke can cause visual field loss if it affects the parts of the brain responsible for vision.
- Brain tumors: Tumors in the brain can press on the optic nerve or other parts of the brain involved in vision, causing visual field loss.
- Retinal detachment: This is a medical emergency where the retina at the back of the eye pulls away from the blood vessels that supply it with oxygen and nutrients, resulting in visual field loss.
Symptoms
Symptoms of visual field loss can include:
- Difficulty seeing in one or both eyes
- Trouble with peripheral (side) vision
- Difficulty navigating while walking or driving
- Sensitivity to light
- Seeing spots or floaters
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of visual field loss typically involves a comprehensive eye examination, including a visual field test to measure the entire area that can be seen when the eye is focused on a central point. Other tests may include optical coherence tomography (OCT), fundus photography, and fluorescein angiography.
Treatment
Treatment for visual field loss depends on the underlying cause. It may include medications, surgery, or vision therapy. In some cases, visual aids may be recommended to help improve the patient's quality of life.
Related Terms
- Hemianopia: This is a type of visual field loss where half of the visual field is lost in both eyes.
- Quadrantanopia: This is a type of visual field loss where a quarter of the visual field is lost in both eyes.
- Scotoma: This is a blind spot in the visual field.
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