Scotoma
Scotoma
Scotoma (pronounced sko-toh-muh) is a term used in the field of medicine to describe a blind spot or area of reduced vision in the visual field. The term originates from the Greek word "skotos", meaning darkness, and "-oma", a suffix used in medical terminology to indicate a pathological condition.
Types of Scotoma
There are several types of scotoma, including:
- Central Scotoma: A blind spot in the center of the visual field.
- Peripheral Scotoma: A blind spot in the peripheral vision.
- Paracentral Scotoma: A blind spot close to the center of the visual field.
- Arcuate Scotoma: A blind spot that follows the nerve fiber layer of the retina, often associated with glaucoma.
Causes of Scotoma
Scotoma can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:
- Glaucoma: A condition that damages the eye's optic nerve and can result in vision loss and blindness.
- Macular Degeneration: A medical condition which may result in blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field.
- Migraine: A type of headache often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light and sound. Some people may see spots or flashing lights or have a temporary loss of vision before a migraine.
- Optic Neuritis: Inflammation that damages the optic nerve, often leading to temporary vision loss.
Treatment of Scotoma
Treatment for scotoma depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, such as with migraines, the scotoma may resolve on its own once the headache subsides. In other cases, such as with glaucoma or macular degeneration, treatment may involve medication, laser therapy, or surgery.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Scotoma
- Wikipedia's article - Scotoma
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