Trace element

Trace elements are chemical elements needed in minute quantities for the proper growth, development, and physiology of the organism. In biochemistry, a trace element is also referred to as a micronutrient.

Trace elements include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, molybdenum and selenium.

Function

Trace elements play crucial role in the maintenance and function of the organism. For instance, iron is a component of hemoglobin, a protein that transfers oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. Iodine is an essential component of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolic rate, growth and development.

Deficiency and Toxicity

Both deficiency and excess of trace elements can have detrimental effects on health. For example, iron deficiency can lead to anemia, while iron overload can result in organ damage. Similarly, iodine deficiency can cause goiter and mental retardation, while excess iodine can lead to hyperthyroidism.

Sources

Trace elements are typically obtained from the diet. For example, iron can be found in red meat, poultry, and fish. Iodine is commonly obtained from iodized salt, seafood, and dairy products.

See also

• Mineral (nutrient)
• Dietary element
• Essential nutrient
• Bioavailability

External links

• World Health Organization: Iron Deficiency Anemia
• World Health Organization: Iodine Deficiency Disorders