Retrovisceral space

Retrovisceral space is a term used in anatomy to describe a specific area within the human body. It is a part of the deep spaces of the head and neck, and is located posterior to the pharynx and esophagus, and anterior to the prevertebral space.

Etymology

The term "retrovisceral" is derived from the Latin words "retro", meaning "behind", and "visceral", meaning "pertaining to the organs". Thus, the term literally translates to "behind the organs".

Anatomy

The retrovisceral space is a potential space, meaning it is normally collapsed but can expand if filled with fluid or air. It is bounded anteriorly by the buccopharyngeal fascia, posteriorly by the alar fascia, and laterally by the carotid sheaths. It extends from the base of the skull to the level of the second thoracic vertebra.

Clinical significance

Infections or abscesses in the retrovisceral space can lead to serious complications, as the space is in close proximity to vital structures such as the carotid artery and jugular vein. These infections can spread to other deep spaces of the head and neck, leading to conditions such as Ludwig's angina or Lemierre's syndrome.

Related terms

• Buccopharyngeal fascia: A layer of fascia that covers the pharynx and esophagus, forming the anterior boundary of the retrovisceral space.
• Alar fascia: A layer of fascia that forms the posterior boundary of the retrovisceral space.
• Carotid sheath: A layer of fascia that encloses the carotid artery, jugular vein, and vagus nerve, forming the lateral boundary of the retrovisceral space.

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  Gray's Anatomy illustration of the retrovisceral space